Proper locally spherical hypertopes of hyperbolic type

DOI10.1007/S10801-021-01054-6MaRDI QIDQ2114797zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Asia Ivić Weiss, Aguilar Montero

Publication date 15 March 2022

Published in Journal of Algebraic Combinatorics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.01157

abstract polytopes hypermaps hypertopes regularity thin geometries

Coloring of graphs and hypergraphs (05C15) Buildings and the geometry of diagrams (51E24) Ordered geometries (ordered incidence structures, etc.) (51G05) Symmetry properties of polytopes (52B15)

Abstract: Given any irreducible Coxeter group

C

of hyperbolic type with non-linear diagram and rank at least

4

, whose maximal parabolic subgroups are finite, we construct an infinite family of locally spherical regular hypertopes of hyperbolic type whose Coxeter diagram is the same as that of

C

.

Review text

This paper is concerned with the study of \emph{hypertopes}, or more precisely, thin, residually connected incidence geometries with chamber transitive type-preserving automorphism groups. Typically such incidence geometries are described by a symbol \(\mathcal H=(X,*,t,I)\) where \(X\) is the set of elements, \(*\) is the incidence relation on the elements, \(t\) is the \emph{type function} on \(X\), and \(I\) is the set of types. Hypertopes may be obtained from quotients of Coxeter groups under certain conditions (see, e.g., [\textit{M. E. Fernandes} et al., Aequationes Math. 90, No. 5, 1045--1067 (2016; Zbl 1354.51016)]). A hypertope is \emph{regular} if the group of its type preserving automorphism group \(\mathrm{Aut}_{I}(\mathcal H)\) acts transitively on the chambers of \(\mathcal H\) (chambers of hypertopes are analogous to maximal chains in abstract polytopes). A \emph{flag} of a hypertope \(\mathcal H\) is any set of mutually incident elements of \(X\), so chambers are maximal flags. A group \(G\) action on \(\mathcal H\) is \emph{flag-transitive} if it acts transitively on the set of flags of \(\mathcal H\). A group \(G\) with a flag-transtive action on a regular hypertope \(\mathcal H\) is said to be \emph{flag-transitive}. Let \(G\) be a group generated by involutions \(\{\rho_{i}:i\in I\}\), and for each \(J\subseteq I\) we define \(G_{J}=\langle \rho_{j}:j\in J\rangle\). We say that \(G\) satisfies the \emph{intersection condition} or is a \(C\)-\emph{group} if \(G_{J}\cap G_{K}=G_{J\cap K}\) for all choices of \(J,K\subseteq I\). A hypertope is \emph{proper} if it is not isomorphic to an abstract polytope, in other words, if the Coxeter diagram of \(\mathrm{Aut}_{I}(\mathcal H)\) is not linear. To each Coxeter diagram is associated a Coxeter group whose relations on its generates are completely determined by its diagram, and to it is associated the \emph{universal regular hypertope}. A universal regular hypertope is \emph{spherical} if its Coxeter diagram is a union of diagrams of finite irreducible Coxeter groups, and a \emph{locally} spherical regular hypertope is a hypertope whose maximal residues are spherical hypertopes. An irreducible locally spherical regular hypertope is of \emph{hyperbolic type} if its Coxeter diagram is the same as that of an irreducible compact hyperbolic Coxeter group, which exist only in ranks 3, 4 and 5. Using CPR-graphs [\textit{D. Pellicer}, Eur. J. Comb. 29, No. 1, 59--71 (2008; Zbl 1129.05017)], the authors construct an infinite family of proper \(n\)-edge colored graphs for every nonlinear Coxeter diagram of hyperbolic type, and from them an infinite family of proper locally spherical regular hypertopes for each hyperbolic type. A hypertope is of \emph{type} \((p_{1}, p_{2}, \ldots, p_{n})\) when its Coxeter diagram is a cycle with successive edges labeled by \(p_{1}, \ldots, p_{n}\). The authors provide two key lemmas (Lemmas 3 and 4) that are useful for confirming that the intersection property is satisfied for a group \(G\) obtained from a CPR graph, and to show that the group \(G\) is flag-transitive. Using these lemmas infinite families of hypertopes of types \((3,3,3,4)\), \((3,3,3,5)\), \((3,4,3,4)\), \((3,4,3,5)\), \((3,5,3,5)\), \((3,3,3,3,4)\) are obtained, as well as hypertopes with Schläfli type \(\{5,\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{0}{3}{5}\}\), and \(\{5,3,\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{0}{3}{5}\}\). Consequently, they are able to show that Corollary: For every positive integer \(t\) and every diagram of hyperbolic type \(D\) there exists a regular hypertope \(\mathcal H\) with Coxeter diagram \(D\) such that \(|\mathrm{Aut}_{I}(\mathcal H)|\ge t\).

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