Higher order moments of generalized quadratic Gauss sums weighted by L-functions

Abstract: The main purpose of this paper is to study higher order moments of the generalized quadratic Gauss sums weighted by

L

-functions using estimates for character sums and analytic methods. We find asymptotic formulas for three character sums which arise naturally in the study of higher order moments of the generalized quadratic Gauss sums. We then use these character sum estimates to find asymptotic formulas for the

t h 6

and

t h 8

order moments of the generalized quadratic Gauss sums weighted by

L

-functions. Our asymptotic formulas satisfy a conjecture of Wenpeng Zhang.

Review text

For \(q \geq 2\), \(q \in \mathbb{Z}\), \(n \in \mathbb{Z}\) and a Dirichlet character \(\chi\) modulo \(q\), the generalized quadratic Gauss sums is given as \[ G(n,\chi;q):=\sum_{a=1}^{q}\chi(a)e^{2 \pi i na^2/q}. \] In this paper, 6-th and 8-th order moments of the function \(G(n,\chi;q)\) weighted by the \(L\)-function \(L(s,\chi)\) corresponding to the character \(\chi \mod p\) (\(p\) is an odd prime) are obtained. Estimates for character sums and analytic methods are used. More precisely, it is shown that, for any \(n\) with \(\text{gcd}(n,p)=1\), the following asymptotic formulas holds: \begin{itemize} \item[(1)] \(\sum_{\chi \not =\chi_0}|G(n,\chi;p)|^6 \cdot |L(1,\chi)|=10Cp^4+O(p^{7/2}\log p)\) for \(p \equiv 1 \pmod 4\) and certain constant \(C\) (\(\chi_0\) is a principal character \(\mod p\)); \item[(2)] \(\sum_{\chi \not =\chi_0}|G(n,\chi;p)|^8 \cdot |L(1,\chi)|=35 C p^5+O(p^{9/2}\log p)\) for certain constant \(C\); \item[(3)] \(\sum_{\chi \mod p}|G(n,\chi;p)|^6 =\begin{cases} & 10 p^4+O(p^{7/2}) \ \text{if} \ p \equiv 1\pmod 4, \\ &(p-1)(10 p^3-25 p^2 -4 p-1) \ \text{if} \ p \equiv 3 \pmod 4;\end{cases}\) \item[(4)] \(\sum_{\chi \mod p}|G(n,\chi;p)|^8 =35 p^5+O(p^{9/2})\). \end{itemize}

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