Self-duality of the 6j-symbol and Fisher zeros for the tetrahedron

DOI10.4171/AIHPD/114MaRDI QIDQ2124255zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Valentin Bonzom, Etera R. Livine

Publication date 19 April 2022

Published in Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincaré D. Combinatorics, Physics and their Interactions (AIHPD) (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.00348

zbMATH Keywords

\(6j\)-symboldualityFisher zerosIsing modelquantum gravityspin network

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to convex and discrete geometry (52-02) Three-dimensional polytopes (52B10) Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20) Exactly solvable models; Bethe ansatz (82B23) Quantization of the gravitational field (83C45)

Abstract: The relation between the 2d Ising partition function and spin network evaluations, reflecting a bulk-boundary duality between the 2d Ising model and 3d quantum gravity, promises an exchange of results and methods between statistical physics and quantum geometry. We apply this relation to the case of the tetrahedral graph. First, we find that the high/low temperature duality of the 2d Ising model translates into a new self-duality formula for Wigner's 6j-symbol from the theory of spin recoupling. Second, we focus on the duality between the large spin asymptotics of the 6j-symbol and Fisher zeros. Using the Ponzano-Regge formula for the asymptotics for the 6j-symbol at large spins in terms of the tetrahedron geometry, we obtain a geometric formula for the zeros of the (inhomogeneous) Ising partition function in terms of triangle angles and dihedral angles in the tetrahedron. While it is well-known that the 2d intrinsic geometry can be used to parametrize the critical point of the Ising model, e.g. on isoradial graphs, it is the first time to our knowledge that the extrinsic geometry is found to also be relevant.This outlines a method towards a more general geometric parametrization of the Fisher zeros for the 2d Ising model on arbitrary graphs.

Review text

In this present paper, the authors introduce the generating function for the \(6j\)-symbols of the recoupling theory of spins. They translate the high/low temperature duality of the \(2d\) Ising model into a self-duality formula. In order to study the stationary points of the series defining the generating function, the authors apply the asymptotic formula for the \(6j\)-symbols at large spins. The authors derive a more general geometric formula for the Fisher zeros of the Ising partition function on arbitrary planar graphs. The authors demonstrate how the parametrization of all Fisher zeros is achieved by extending this formula to complex edge lengths. For the critical couplings of the Ising model, this gives a geometric formula. The authors show that the spin network evaluations and the Ising partition function are both encoded in the triangle geometry. The spin network generating function on the tetrahedron graph \(T\) is studied. A classification of the Fisher zeros is given. In the final section, the authors demonstrate how to recover the geometric crucial couplings that were derived in the previous section.

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Cited in

(3)

• Geometric formula for 2d Ising zeros: examples \& numerics
• Zeros of planar Ising models via flat SU(2) connections
• Exact evaluation of hexagonal spin-networks for topological quantum neural networks

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