On foundational discretization barriers in STFT phase retrieval

DOI10.1007/S00041-022-09935-5zbMATH Open1486.94045arXiv2111.02227OpenAlexW3209535710MaRDI QIDQ2124657FDOQ2124657

Authors: Philipp Grohs, Lukas Liehr 

Publication date: 11 April 2022

Published in: The Journal of Fourier Analysis and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We prove that there exists no window function $gin{L}^2(mathbbR)$ and no lattice $mathcalLsubsetmathbb{R}^2$ such that every $fin{L}^2(mathbbR)$ is determined up to a global phase by spectrogram samples $|V_{g}f(mathcalL)|$ where $V_{g}f$ denotes the short-time Fourier transform of $f$ with respect to $g$. Consequently, the forward operator $fmapsto|V_{g}f(mathcalL)|$ mapping a square-integrable function to its spectrogram samples on a lattice is never injective on the quotient space $L^2(mathbbR)/sim$ with $fsimh$ identifying two functions which agree up to a multiplicative constant of modulus one. We will further elaborate this result and point out that under mild conditions on the lattice $mathcalL$, functions which produce identical spectrogram samples but do not agree up to a unimodular constant can be chosen to be real-valued. The derived results highlight that in the discretization of the STFT phase retrieval problem from lattice measurements, a prior restriction of the underlying signal space to a proper subspace of $L^2(mathbbR)$ is inevitable.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.02227

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zbMATH Keywords

samplinglatticestime-frequency analysisshort-time Fourier transformphase retrievalsignal reconstruction

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Signal theory (characterization, reconstruction, filtering, etc.) (94A12) Fourier and Fourier-Stieltjes transforms and other transforms of Fourier type (42A38) Sampling theory in information and communication theory (94A20) Special integral transforms (Legendre, Hilbert, etc.) (44A15)

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Cited In (14)

• Locality and stability for phase retrieval
• Excursus on modulation spaces via metaplectic operators and related time-frequency representations
• The metaplectic action on modulation spaces
• Stable Gabor phase retrieval in Gaussian shift-invariant spaces via biorthogonality
• Injectivity conditions for STFT phase retrieval on \(\mathbb{Z}\), \(\mathbb{Z}_d\) and \(\mathbb{R}^d\)
• Non-Uniqueness Theory in Sampled STFT Phase Retrieval
• Metaplectic Gabor frames and symplectic analysis of time-frequency spaces
• Injectivity of sampled Gabor phase retrieval in spaces with general integrability conditions
• Stable phase retrieval in function spaces
• Arithmetic progressions and holomorphic phase retrieval
• Multi-window STFT phase retrieval: lattice uniqueness
• Injectivity of Gabor phase retrieval from lattice measurements
• Phase retrieval for \(L^2([-\pi, \pi])\) via the provably accurate and noise robust numerical inversion of spectrogram measurements
• Phase reconstruction from oscillatory data with iterated Hilbert transform embeddings -- benefits and limitations

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