Universal based-free involutions

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2021.107968MaRDI QIDQ2125145zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Yanyan Li

Publication date 13 April 2022

Published in Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.topol.2021.107968

zbMATH Keywords

\(Z\)-set Hilbert cube Hilbert space universal based-free involution

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Topology of infinite-dimensional manifolds (57N20) Topological transformation groups (57S99)

Review text

A continuous involution on a topological space is said to be \textit{based-free} if it has a unique fixed point. The paper under review is related to an old, still unsolved, problem posed by \textit{R. D. Anderson} [Bull. Am. Math. Soc. 72, 515--519 (1966; Zbl 0137.09703)] who asked whether all based-free involutions on the Hilbert cube \(Q = [-1,1]^{\omega}\) are conjugate. According to a result of \textit{S. A. Antonyan} [Math. Notes 65, No. 2, 135--143 (1999; Zbl 0940.57041); translation from Mat. Zametki 65, No. 2, 163--174 (1999)], for every compact metrizable space \(K\) with a based-free involution \(\tau\) there exists an embedding \(h\) from \(K\) into \(Q\) such that \(h(\tau(x)) = -h(x)\) for all \(x \in K\). The authors of the present paper prove two similar results. The first of them shows that the (separable infinite-dimensional) Hilbert space \(\ell_2\) equipped with the standard based-free involution \(\sigma\) (that assigns to each vector \(x\) its opposite, \(-x\)) is universal for all separable metrizable spaces with based-free involutions, whereas in the second the authors characterize spaces with involutions that can be equivariantly embedded into the space \(\mathbb{R}^{\omega}\) with the standard based-free involution \(\rho\). In particular, \((\ell_2,\sigma)\) does not embed into \((\mathbb{R}^{\omega},\rho)\).

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