The viscosity method for min-max free boundary minimal surfaces

DOI10.1007/S00205-022-01761-9zbMATH Open1494.53079arXiv2007.06004OpenAlexW3041874012MaRDI QIDQ2127909FDOQ2127909

Authors: Alessandro Pigati 

Publication date: 21 April 2022

Published in: Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We adapt the viscosity method introduced by Rivi`ere to the free boundary case. Namely, given a compact oriented surface $Sigma$, possibly with boundary, a closed ambient Riemannian manifold $(mathcal{M}^m,g)$ and a closed embedded submanifold $mathcal{N}^{n}subsetmathcalM$, we study the asymptotic behavior of (almost) critical maps $Phi$ for the functional �egin{align*} &E_sigma(Phi):=operatorname{area}(Phi)+sigmaoperatorname{length}(Phi|_{partialSigma})+sigma^4int_Sigma|{mathrm {I!I}}^Phi|^4,operatorname{vol}_Phi end{align*} on immersions $Phi:SigmaomathcalM$ with the constraint $Phi(partialSigma)subseteqmathcalN$, as $sigmao0$, assuming an upper bound for the area and a suitable entropy condition. As a consequence, given any collection $mathcalF$ of compact subsets of the space of smooth immersions $(Sigma,partialSigma)o(mathcalM,mathcalN)$, assuming $mathcalF$ to be stable under isotopies of this space we show that the min-max value �egin{align*} &�eta:=inf_{Ainmathcal{F}}max_{Phiin A}operatorname{area}(Phi) end{align*} is the sum of the areas of finitely many branched minimal immersions $Ph{i}_{(i)}:Sigm{a}_{(i)}omathcalM$ with $partia{l}_{u}Ph{i}_{(i)}perpTmathcalN$ along $partialSigm{a}_{(i)}$, whose (connected) domains $Sigm{a}_{(i)}$ can be different from $Sigma$ but cannot have a more complicated topology. We adopt a point of view which exploits extensively the diffeomorphism invariance of $E_{s}igma$ and, along the way, we simplify several arguments from the original work. Some parts generalize to closed higher-dimensional domains, for which we get a rectifiable stationary varifold in the limit.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.06004

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zbMATH Keywords

free boundary problemminimal surfacesmin-max theoryviscosity method

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Viscosity solutions to PDEs (35D40) Minimal surfaces and optimization (49Q05) Differential geometry of immersions (minimal, prescribed curvature, tight, etc.) (53C42) Variational problems concerning minimal surfaces (problems in two independent variables) (58E12)

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Cited In (7)

• A viscosity method in the min-max theory of minimal surfaces
• Multiplicity one for min-max theory in compact manifolds with boundary and its applications
• Existence of free boundary disks with constant mean curvature in \(\mathbb{R}^3\)
• Viscosity solutions and the minimal surface system
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• Shape optimization for combinations of Steklov eigenvalues on Riemannian surfaces
• Lower semi-continuity of the index in the viscosity method for minimal surfaces

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