Statistical deconvolution of the free Fokker-Planck equation at fixed time

DOI10.3150/21-BEJ1366zbMATH Open1490.35477arXiv2006.11899OpenAlexW3036477197MaRDI QIDQ2136995FDOQ2136995

Tien Dat Nguyen, V. Rivoirard, Thanh Mai Pham Ngoc, Viet Chi Tran, Mylène Maida

Publication date: 16 May 2022

Published in: Bernoulli (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We are interested in reconstructing the initial condition of a non-linear partial differential equation (PDE), namely the Fokker-Planck equation, from the observation of a Dyson Brownian motion at a given time $t>0$. The Fokker-Planck equation describes the evolution of electrostatic repulsive particle systems, and can be seen as the large particle limit of correctly renormalized Dyson Brownian motions. The solution of the Fokker-Planck equation can be written as the free convolution of the initial condition and the semi-circular distribution. We propose a nonparametric estimator for the initial condition obtained by performing the free deconvolution via the subordination functions method. This statistical estimator is original as it involves the resolution of a fixed point equation, and a classical deconvolution by a Cauchy distribution. This is due to the fact that, in free probability, the analogue of the Fourier transform is the R-transform, related to the Cauchy transform. In past literature, there has been a focus on the estimation of the initial conditions of linear PDEs such as the heat equation, but to the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the problem is tackled for a non-linear PDE. The convergence of the estimator is proved and the integrated mean square error is computed, providing rates of convergence similar to the ones known for non-parametric deconvolution methods. Finally, a simulation study illustrates the good performances of our estimator.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.11899

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zbMATH Keywords

Fokker-Planck equationCauchy distributionDyson Brownian motionsnonlinear partial differential equation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Nonparametric estimation (62G05) Random matrices (probabilistic aspects) (60B20) Brownian motion (60J65) Fokker-Planck equations (35Q84) Inverse problems for PDEs (35R30) Numerical methods for inverse problems for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M32) Noncommutative probability and statistics (46L53) Free probability and free operator algebras (46L54) PDEs in connection with statistics (35Q62)

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