Asymptotic behavior of the interface for entire vector minimizers in phase transitions

Abstract: We study globally bounded entire minimizers

u : m a t h b b R^{n} i g h t a r r o w m a t h b b R^{m}

of Allen-Cahn systems for potentials

W g e q 0

with

W = 0 = a_{1}, ..., a_{N}

and

W (u) s i m | u - a_{i} |^{a} l p h a

near

u = a_{i}

,

0 < a l p h a < 2

. Such solutions are, over large regions, identically equal to some zeroes of the potential

a_{i}

's. We establish the estimates �egin{equation*} mathcal{L}^n(I_0cap B_r(x_0))leq c_1r^{n-1},quad mathcal{H}^{n-1}(partial^* I_0cap B_r(x_0))geq c_2r^{n-1}, quad rgeq r_0(x_0) end{equation*} for the diffuse interface

I_{0} := x i n m a t h b b R^{n} : m i n_{1 l e q i l e q N} | u (x) - a_{i} | > 0

and the free boundary

p a r t i a l I_{0}

. Furthermore, if

a l p h a = 1

we establish the upper bound �egin{equation*} mathcal{H}^{n-1}(partial^* I_0cap B_r(x_0))leq c_3r^{n-1}, quad rgeq r_0(x_0). end{equation*}

Review text

This paper studies globally bounded entire minimizers \(u: {\mathbb{R}}^n \rightarrow {\mathbb{R}}^m \) of Allen-Cahn systems for phase transition potentials \(W\ge 0,\) \(W=0\) on a finite set of distinct points \(a_1, \dots, a_N\) and \(W(u)\sim \vert u-a_i\vert^\alpha\) near \(u=a_i,\) with \(\alpha\in (0,2).\) Some estimates are established on the diffuse interface \(I_0=\{x\in {\mathbb{R}}^n\,:\, \min_{i=1,\dots,N} \vert u(x)-a_i\vert >0\}\) and on the free boundary \(\partial I_0.\) In particular, the authors prove that there exists a positive constant \(r_0\) such that for \(r\ge r_0,\) \[ {\mathcal L}^n (I_0\cap B_r(0^n))\le c_1 r^{n-1} \quad \mbox{and}\quad {\mathcal H}^{n-1}(\partial^*I_0\cap B_r(0^n))\ge c_2r^{n-1}, \] where \(\partial^*\) denotes the De Giorgi reduced boundary. Moreover, if \(\alpha=1,\) then the upper bound \[ {\mathcal H}^{n-1}(\partial^*I_0\cap B_r(0^n))\le c_3r^{n-1} \] holds. The constants \(c_1, c_2, c_3\) are independent of \(r.\)

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