Optimal orders of the best constants in the Littlewood-Paley inequalities

Maximal functions, Littlewood-Paley theory (42B25) (H^p)-spaces (42B30) Spaces of measurable functions ((L^p)-spaces, Orlicz spaces, Köthe function spaces, Lorentz spaces, rearrangement invariant spaces, ideal spaces, etc.) (46E30)

Abstract: Let

{m a t h b b P_{t}}_{t > 0}

be the classical Poisson semigroup on

m a t h b b R^{d}

and

G^{m a t h b b P}

the associated Littlewood-Paley

g

-function operator:

G^{mathbb{P}}(f)=Big(int_0^infty t|frac{partial}{partial t} mathbb{P}_t(f)|^2dtBig)^{frac12}.

The classical Littlewood-Paley

g

-function inequality asserts that for any

1 < p < i n f t y

there exist two positive constants

m a t h s f L_{t, p}^{m a t h b b P}

and

m a t h s f L_{c, p}^{m a t h b b P}

such that

�ig(mathsf{L}^{mathbb{P}}_{t, p}�ig)^{-1}�ig|f�ig|_{p}le �ig|G^{mathbb{P}}(f)�ig|_{p} le mathsf{L}^{mathbb{P}}_{c,p}�ig|f�ig|_{p},,quad fin L_p(mathbb{R}^d).

We determine the optimal orders of magnitude on

p

of these constants as

p o 1

and

p o i n f t y

. We also consider similar problems for more general test functions in place of the Poisson kernel. The corresponding problem on the Littlewood-Paley dyadic square function inequality is investigated too. Let

D e l t a

be the partition of

m a t h b b R^{d}

into dyadic rectangles and

S_{R}

the partial sum operator associated to

R

. The dyadic Littlewood-Paley square function of

f

is

S^Delta(f)=Big(sum_{RinDelta} |S_R(f)|^2Big)^{frac12}.

For

1 < p < i n f t y

there exist two positive constants

m a t h s f L_{c, p, d}^{D e l t a}

and

m a t h s f L_{t, p, d}^{D e l t a}

such that

�ig(mathsf{L}^{Delta}_{t,p, d}�ig)^{-1}�ig|f�ig|_{p}le �ig|S^Delta(f)�ig|_{p}le mathsf{L}^{Delta}_{c,p, d}�ig|f�ig|_{p},quad fin L_p(mathbb{R}^d).

We show that

mathsf{L}^{Delta}_{t,p, d}approx_d (mathsf{L}^{Delta}_{t,p, 1})^d; ext{ and }; mathsf{L}^{Delta}_{c,p, d}approx_d (mathsf{L}^{Delta}_{c,p, 1})^d.

All the previous results can be equally formulated for the

d

-torus

m a t h b b T^{d}

. We prove a de Leeuw type transference principle in the vector-valued setting.

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