On representations of Gal(Q / Q), GT and Aut(F₂)

Coverings of curves, fundamental group (14H30) Fundamental groups and their automorphisms (group-theoretic aspects) (20F34) Universal profinite groups (relationship to moduli spaces, projective and moduli towers, Galois theory) (14G32)

Abstract: By work of Belyi, the absolute Galois group

G_{m a t h b b Q} = m a t h r m G a l (o v e r l i n e m a t h b b Q / m a t h b b Q)

of the field

m a t h b b Q

of rational numbers can be embedded into

A = m a t h r m A u t (w i d e h a t F_{2})

, the automorphism group of the free profinite group

w i d e h a t F_{2}

on two generators. The image of

G_{m a t h b b Q}

lies inside

w i d e h a t G T

, the Grothendieck-Teichm"uller group. While it is known that every abelian representation of

G_{m a t h b b Q}

can be extended to

w i d e h a t G T

, Lochak and Schneps put forward the challenge of constructing irreducible non-abelian representations of

w i d e h a t G T

. We do this virtually, namely by showing that a rich class of arithmetically defined representations of

G_{m a t h b b Q}

can be extended to finite index subgroups of

w i d e h a t G T

. This is achieved, in fact, by extending these representations all the way to finite index subgroups of

A = m a t h r m A u t (w i d e h a t F_{2})

. We do this by developing a profinite version of the work of Grunewald and Lubotzky, which provided a rich collection of representations for the discrete group

m a t h r m A u t (F_{d})

.

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