Existence of solutions for odd-order multi-point impulsive boundary value problems on time scales
Nonlocal and multipoint boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B10) Boundary value problems with impulses for ordinary differential equations (34B37) Dynamic equations on time scales or measure chains (34N05) Applications of operator theory to differential and integral equations (47N20)
The paper deals with \(2q+1\)st order (\(q\geq1\)) impulsive dynamic equations on time scales with periodic multi-point boundary conditions (PBVP). The authors first obtain the integral representation of the solutions for the impulsive PBVP of the form \[ \begin{cases} x^{\Delta^{2q+1}}(t)&= f(t, x(\sigma(t))),\quad t\in J_0,\\ x^{\Delta^p}(0)&= 0,\quad p\in \{2,3, \ldots, 2q\},\\ x^{\Delta^2}(t_k^+)&= x^{\Delta^2}(t_k)+I_k(x(t_k)),\quad k\in \{1, \ldots, m\},\\ x^{\Delta}(0)&= \sum\limits_{j=1}^m \alpha_j x^{\Delta}(\xi_j),\\ x(t_k^+)&= x(t_k)+J_k(x(t_k)),\quad k\in \{1, \ldots, m\},\\ x(0)&= x(\sigma(T)), \end{cases}\tag{1} \] where \[ z(t_k^\pm)=\lim_{t\to t_k^\pm}z(t),\quad k\in \{1, \ldots, m\} \] with \(z(t_k^-)=z(t_k)\), and \(t_k\)'s are right dense for \(k\in \{1, \ldots, m\}\), and \(J_0=[0,T]_{\mathbb{T}}\backslash \{t_k\}_{k=1}^m\). Then, by setting some reasonable conditions on the nonlinear terms \(f(t, x(\sigma(t)))\), \( I_k(x(t_k))\) and \(J_k(x(t_k))\), the authors prove that the impulsive PBVP (1) has at least one solution. The main tool for the proof of existence of solutions is the Schaefer fixed point theorem. An example supporting the results is also given.
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