A minimizing valuation is quasi-monomial

DOI10.4007/ANNALS.2020.191.3.6MaRDI QIDQ2173676zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 17 April 2020

Published in Annals of Mathematics. Second Series (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.01114

\(K\)-moduli of Fano varieties complement local volume of klt singularities quasi-monomial

Minimal model program (Mori theory, extremal rays) (14E30) Singularities of surfaces or higher-dimensional varieties (14J17) Fano varieties (14J45)

Abstract: We prove a version of Jonsson-Mustac{t}v{a}'s Conjecture, which says for any graded sequence of ideals, there exists a quasi-monomial valuation computing its log canonical threshold. As a corollary, we confirm Chi Li's conjecture that a minimizer of the normalized volume function is always quasi-monomial. Applying our techniques to a family of klt singularities, we show that the volume of klt singularities is a constructible function. As a corollary, we prove that in a family of klt log Fano pairs, the K-semistable ones form a Zariski open set. Together with [Jia17], we conclude that all K-semistable klt Fano varieties with a fixed dimension and volume are parametrized by an Artin stack of finite type, which then admits a separated good moduli space by [BX18, ABHLX19], whose geometric points parametrize K-polystable klt Fano varieties.

Review text

In this important paper, the author proves a number of fundamental results for valuations, singularities and K-stability. The first main theorem in the paper under review confirms the weak version of Conjecture B in [\textit{M. Jonsson} and \textit{M. Mustaţă}, Ann. Inst. Fourier 62, No. 6, 2145--2209 (2012; Zbl 1272.14016)]. Let \((X,\Delta)\) be a klt pair and \(\mathfrak{a}_{\bullet}:=\{\mathfrak{a}_k\}_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\) is a graded sequence of ideals such that the log canonical threshold \(\text{lct}(\mathfrak{a}_{\bullet})<\infty\). Then there exists a quasi-monomial valuation calculating the log canonical threshold of \(\mathfrak{a}_{\bullet}\). There are several interesting applications of the theorem above. The first application confirms a quasi-monomialness part of the Stable Degenerate Conjecture proposed by \textit{C. Li} [Math. Z. 289, No. 1--2, 491--513 (2018; Zbl 1423.14025)]. Moreover precisely, for a klt singularity \(x\in(X,\Delta)\), C. Li has defined the normalized volue function for real valuations centred at \(x\). The Stable Degenerate Conjecture asserts that the minimizer of the normalized volume function exists, is unique up to scaling, is quasi-monomial with a finitely generated associated graded ring, and degenerates the singularity to a K-semistable log Fano cone. The existence is proved by \textit{H. Blum} [Compos. Math. 154, No. 4, 820--849 (2018; Zbl 1396.14007)]. The uniqueness was shown by the author of the paper under review in his joint work with \textit{Z. Zhuang} [Camb. J. Math. 9, No. 1, 149--176 (2021; Zbl 1483.14005)]. As an application of the theorem above, the author in the paper under review proves the quasi-monomialness part of the conjecture above. As a second application, the author finishes the algebraic approach for solving the Demailly-Kollár Openness Conjcture initiated in [\textit{M. Jonsson} and \textit{M. Mustaţă}, J. Inst. Math. Jussieu 13, No. 1, 119--144 (2014; Zbl 1314.32047)]. Here we recall that the Openness Conjecture was solved by By \textit{B. Berndtsson} [Abel Symp. 10, 29--44 (2015; Zbl 1337.32001)] using analytic tools, see also [\textit{Q. Guan} and \textit{X. Zhou}, Ann. Math. (2) 182, No. 2, 605--616 (2015; Zbl 1329.32016)] for a more stronger version. The second main theorem of the paper under review is the constructibility of local volume of \(\mathbb{Q}\)-Gorenstein family of klt singularities (Theorem 1.3). We recall that in H. Blume and C. Liu proved the lower semi-continuity of the local volume in [\textit{H. Blum} and \textit{Y. Liu}, J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 23, No. 4, 1225--1256 (2021; Zbl 1470.14008)]. This theorem above has important applications to study the moduli space of \(K\)-semistable Fano varieties. Indeed, combining the theorem above with the cone construction, the author showes in Theorem 1.4 that for a \(\mathbb{Q}\)-Gorenstein family of \(\mathbb{Q}\)-Fano varieties, the locus where the fibre is \(K\)-semistable is an open set, see also [\textit{H. Blum}, ``Openness of K-semistability for Fano varieties, \url{arXiv:1907.02408}] for another proof given by Blum, Liu and Xu. This together with a series of significant recent works [\textit{C. Jiang}, Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 53, No. 5, 1235--1248 (2020; Zbl 1473.14079); \textit{H. Blum} and \textit{C. Xu}, Ann. Math. (2) 190, No. 2, 609--656 (2019; Zbl 1427.14084); \textit{J. Alper} et al., Invent. Math. 222, No. 3, 995--1032 (2020; Zbl 1465.14043)] leads to the existence of K-moduli spaces of Fano varieties as a separated good moduli space. In the recent remarkable works of [\textit{C. Xu} and \textit{Z. Zhuang}, Ann. Math. (2) 192, No. 3, 1005--1068 (2020; Zbl 1465.14047)], and \textit{Y. Liu} et al. [``Finite generation for valuations computing stability thresholds and applications to K-stability, \url{arXiv:2102.09405}], it is shown that this good moduli space is even projective. There are two key ingredients of the proof of the main theorems. The first one is approximating a valuation computing the log canonical threshod by a sequence of rescalings of Kollár components \(S_i\) using some ideas developed in [\textit{C. Li} and \textit{C. Xu}, J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 22, No. 8, 2573--2627 (2020; Zbl 1471.14076)]. The second one is the boundedness of complements established recently by \textit{C. Birkar} [Ann. Math. (2) 190, No. 2, 345--463 (2019; Zbl 1470.14078)]. In particular, the author shows that all the Kollár components \(S_i\) can be obtained as log canonical places of a bounded family of \(\mathbb{Q}\)-Cartier divisors.

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