Regularity of a problem of 3n-th order with decaying boundary-value conditions
Nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B15) Green's functions for ordinary differential equations (34B27) Eigenfunctions, eigenfunction expansions, completeness of eigenfunctions of ordinary differential operators (34L10) Fourier coefficients, Fourier series of functions with special properties, special Fourier series (42A16)
The paper studies the differential operator pencil of \(3n\)-th order \[\left\{\left(\frac{d^{2}}{dx^{2}}+\lambda ^{2}\right) \left( \frac{d}{dx}-\lambda\right) \right\} ^{n}y\left( x\right),\;\;0< x<1,\] with decaying boundary conditions \[U_{s}(y) \equiv \frac{d^{s-1}y(0)}{dx^{s-1}}=0 \text{ for } s=1,2,\dots,3n-1 \text{ and } U_{3n}\left( y\right) \equiv y\left(1\right) =0.\] The author solves the problem of expanding a \(3n\)-times continuous differentiable function into a Fourier series of the root elements of the pencil. This problem essentially generalizes previous considerations, which concern only the relatively simple cases of the pencils with two \(n\)-fold characteristic roots. New methods are used for estimating the resolvent of the problem. The main result of the paper is as follows. Let \(\Gamma _{\upsilon}\), \(\upsilon =1,2,3,\dots\), be a sequence of expanding closed contours with center at the origin of the \(\lambda \)-plane lying outside a \(\delta\)-neighborhood of the eigenvalues of the considered problem. Then, for any \(3n\)-times differentiable on \(\left[ 0,1\right] \) functions \(f\left( x\right) \) vanishing together with all derivatives at the end points of \(0,1,\) the following representation holds \[f\left( x\right) =\lim\limits_{\upsilon\rightarrow \infty }\frac{-1}{2\pi \sqrt{-1}}\int_{\Gamma _{\upsilon }}\frac{d\lambda }{\lambda }\int_{0}^{1}G\left( x,\xi ,\lambda \right) \frac{d^{3n-1}f\left( \xi \right) }{d\xi ^{3n-1}}\,d\xi, \quad0< x<1,\] where \(G\left(x,\xi ,\lambda \right) \) is the Green's function related to the considered problem.
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