Spectral asymptotics of the Dirichlet Laplacian on a generalized parabolic layer

Laplace operator, Helmholtz equation (reduced wave equation), Poisson equation (35J05) Asymptotic distributions of eigenvalues in context of PDEs (35P20)

Abstract: We perform quantitative spectral analysis of the self-adjoint Dirichlet Laplacian

m a t h s f H

on an unbounded, radially symmetric (generalized) parabolic layer

m a t h c a l P s u b s e t m a t h b b R^{3}

. It was known before that

m a t h s f H

has an infinite number of eigenvalues below the threshold of its essential spectrum. In the present paper, we find the discrete spectrum asymptotics for

m a t h s f H

by means of a consecutive reduction to the analogous asymptotic problem for an effective one-dimensional Schr"odinger operator on the half-line with the potential the behaviour of which far away from the origin is determined by the geometry of the layer

m a t h c a l P

at infinity.

Review text

The authors consider the Dirichlet Laplacian in a parabolic layer in the three-dimensional space and their main result is the leading term in the asymptotics for the counting function. The layer is introduced as \[ \mathcal{P}(f, a) := \big\{ x\in\mathbb{R}^3 \colon \mathrm{dist}\,\big(x, \Sigma(f)\big) < a \big\},\quad \sigma(f) := \left\{\big(x, f(|x|) \big)\in\mathbb{R}^3 \colon x\in\mathbb{R}^2 \right \}, \] where \(f\) is some function such that \(f\in C^\infty(\overline{\mathbb{R}_+})\), \(f(0)=f'(0)=0\), \(f(r)=kr^\alpha\) for all \(r\geqslant R\), and \(k>0\), \(\alpha>1\). It is shown that there exists some constant \(a_*\) such that for \(a<a_*\) the essential spectrum of the considered Dirichlet Laplacian is the half-line \([\frac{\pi^2}{4a^2},+\infty)\) and the discrete spectrum consists of infinitely many eigenvalues. The counting function \(N(E)\) is defined as the number of the eigenvalues less than \(E\) and the main result is the following asymptotics: \[ N(E)= \frac{1}{2\pi} \frac{\alpha k}{2^\alpha} \frac{\mathsf{B}\left (\frac32,\frac{\alpha}{2}- \frac12 \right ) }{E^{\frac{\alpha}{2} -\frac12}}(1+o(1)),\quad E\to 0^+, \] where \(\mathsf{B}\) is the Beta function.

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