Tensor topology

Abstract: A subunit in a monoidal category is a subobject of the monoidal unit for which a canonical morphism is invertible. They correspond to open subsets of a base topological space in categories such as those of sheaves or Hilbert modules. We show that under mild conditions subunits endow any monoidal category with a kind of topological intuition: there are well-behaved notions of restriction, localisation, and support, even though the subunits in general only form a semilattice. We develop universal constructions completing any monoidal category to one whose subunits universally form a lattice, preframe, or frame.

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The paper comes from the observation that, in the category of sheaves over a topological space, the open sets of the space can be reconstructed as subobjects of the terminal sheaf. This topological intuition is transferred to monoidal categories by replacing cartesian products with tensor products and terminal objects with monoidal units. There are given numerous examples, notably in categories of sheaves of Hilbert modules. There is shown that it makes possible to introduce well-behaved notions of restriction, localisation, and support to monoidal categories.

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