Weighted fractional chain rule and nonlinear wave equations with minimal regularity

Initial value problems for second-order hyperbolic equations (35L15) Second-order semilinear hyperbolic equations (35L71) Fractional partial differential equations (35R11) Maximal functions, Littlewood-Paley theory (42B25) Harmonic analysis and PDEs (42B37)

Abstract: We consider the local well-posedness for 3-D quadratic semi-linear wave equations with radial data:

B o x u = a | p a r t i a l_{t} u |^{2} + b | a b l a_{x} u |^{2}

,

u (0, x) = u_{0} (x) i n H_{m a t h r m r a d}^{s}

,

p a r t i a l_{t} u (0, x) = u_{1} (x) i n H_{m a t h r m r a d}^{s - 1}

. It has been known that the problem is well-posed for

s g e 2

and ill-posed for

s < 3 / 2

. In this paper, we prove unconditional well-posedness up to the scaling invariant regularity, that is to say, for

s > 3 / 2

and thus fill the gap which was left open for many years. For the purpose, we also obtain a weighted fractional chain rule, which is of independent interest. Our method here also works for a class of nonlinear wave equations with general power type nonlinearities which contain the space-time derivatives of the unknown functions. In particular, we prove the Glassey conjecture in the radial case, with minimal regularity assumption.

Review text

The authors consider the local well-posedness for the following Cauchy problem of 3D quadratic semilinear wave equations with radial data: \[ \Box u=a|\partial_tu|^2+b|\nabla u|^2,\\ u|_{t=0}=u_0\in H^s_{\text{rad}},~\partial_tu|_{t=0}=u_1\in H^{s-1}_{\text{rad}}. \] In previous works, it has been shown that the Cauchy problem is well-posed for \(s\geq 2\) and ill-posed for \(s<\frac{3}{2}\). In this paper, the authors fill the gap, i.e., prove unconditional well-posedness for \(s>\frac{3}{2}\). For the purpose, they also obtain a weighted fractional chain rule, which is of independent interest. Their method is also used to prove the Glassey conjecture in the radial case, with minimal regularity assumption.

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