Edge states and the valley Hall effect

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2020.107142zbMATH Open1442.82003arXiv1910.03509OpenAlexW3017202721MaRDI QIDQ2180899FDOQ2180899

Authors: Yanyan Li 

Publication date: 15 May 2020

Published in: Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study energy propagation along line-defects (edges) in 2D continuous, energy preserving periodic media. The unperturbed medium (bulk) is modeled by a honeycomb Schroedinger operator, which is periodic with respect to the triangular lattice, invariant under parity, P, and complex-conjugation, C. A honeycomb operator has Dirac points: two dispersion surfaces touch conically at an energy level, $E_D$ [25,27]. Periodic perturbations which break P or C open a gap in the essential spectrum about energy $E_D$. Such operators model an insulator near energy $E_D$. Our edge operator is a small perturbation of the bulk and models a transition (via a domain wall) between distinct periodic, P or C breaking perturbations. The edge operator permits energy transport along the line-defect. The associated energy channels are called edge states. They are time-harmonic solutions which are localized near and propagating along the line-defect. We completely characterize the edge state spectrum within the bulk spectral gap about $E_D$. At the center of our analysis is an expansion of the edge operator resolvent for energies near $E_D$. The leading term features the resolvent of an effective Dirac operator. Edge state eigenvalues are poles of the resolvent, which bifurcate from the Dirac point. The corresponding eigenstates have the multiscale structure identified in [23]. We extend earlier work on zigzag-type edges [14] to all rational edges. We elucidate the role in edge state formation played by the type of symmetry-breaking and the orientation of the edge. We prove the resolvent expansion by a new direct and transparent strategy. Our results provide a rigorous explanation of the numerical observations [22,38}; see also the photonic experimental study in [42]. Finally, we discuss implications for the Valley Hall Effect, which concerns quantum Hall-like energy transport in honeycomb structures.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.03509

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zbMATH Keywords

[https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/w/index.php?title=+Special%3ASearch&search=Schr%EF%BF%BD%EF%BF%BDdinger+operator&go=Go Schr��dinger operator]topological insulatorsedge statesDirac pointhoneycomb structurestopological protection

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Schrödinger operator, Schrödinger equation (35J10) Many-body theory; quantum Hall effect (81V70) Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20)

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Cited In (22)

• Magnetic slowdown of topological edge states
• Semiclassical Propagation Along Curved Domain Walls
• Double Dirac Cones in Band Structures of Periodic Schroedinger Operators
• Wave Packets in the Fractional Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with a Honeycomb Potential
• Computing Edge States without Hard Truncation
• Microlocal analysis of the bulk-edge correspondence
• Asymmetric transport computations in Dirac models of topological insulators
• High Contrast Elliptic Operators in Honeycomb Structures
• Continuum Schrödinger operators for sharply terminated graphene-like structures
• Ubiquity of conical points in topological insulators
• Extended edge states in finite Hall systems
• Topological equatorial waves and violation (or not) of the bulk edge correspondence
• Defect Resonances of Truncated Crystal Structures
• ThreeFold Weyl Points for the Schrödinger Operator with Periodic Potentials
• Unfitted Nitsche's method for computing wave modes in topological materials
• Effective Gaps in Continuous Floquet Hamiltonians
• NonReciprocal Wave Propagation in Space-Time Modulated Media
• Effective mass theorems with Bloch modes crossings
• Defect modes for dislocated periodic media
• Tight-binding reduction and topological equivalence in strong magnetic fields
• A semi-definite optimization method for maximizing the shared band gap of topological photonic crystals
• Preparation of edge states by shaking boundaries

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