Approximate symmetries and gravity

DOI10.1007/JHEP01(2020)088zbMATH Open1434.83034arXiv1909.02002WikidataQ126346587 ScholiaQ126346587MaRDI QIDQ2185309FDOQ2185309

Authors: Prashant Saraswat, S. Fichet 

Publication date: 4 June 2020

Published in: Journal of High Energy Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: There are strong reasons to believe that global symmetries of quantum theories cannot be exact in the presence of gravity. While this has been argued at the qualitative level, establishing a quantitative statement is more challenging. In this work we take new steps towards quantifying symmetry violation in EFTs with gravity. First, we evaluate global charge violation by microscopic black holes present in a thermal system, which represents an irreducible, universal effect at finite temperature. Second, based on general QFT considerations, we propose that local symmetry-violating processes should be faster than black hole-induced processes at any sub-Planckian temperature. Such a proposal can be seen as part of the "swampland" program to constrain EFTs emerging from quantum gravity. Considering an EFT perspective, we formulate a conjecture which requires the existence of operators violating global symmetry and places quantitative bounds on them. We study the interplay of our conjecture with emergent symmetries in QFT. In models where gauged U(1)'s enforce accidental symmetries, we find that constraints from the Weak Gravity Conjecture can ensure that our conjecture is satisfied. We also study the consistency of the conjecture with QFT models of emergent symmetries such as extradimensional localization, the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism, and the clockwork mechanism.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.02002

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zbMATH Keywords

black holeseffective field theoriesglobal symmetries

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Model quantum field theories (81T10) Quantization of the gravitational field (83C45) Black holes (83C57)

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Cited In (19)

• Towards a swampland global symmetry conjecture using weak gravity
• The \(F\)-term problem and other challenges of stringy quintessence
• Higher-group symmetries and weak gravity conjecture mixing
• Strong cosmic censorship in light of weak gravity conjecture for charged black holes
• Twofold symmetries of the pure gravity action
• Signatures of global symmetry violation in relative entropies and replica wormholes
• Gravity theories with background fields and spacetime symmetry breaking
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• A violation of global symmetries from replica wormholes and the fate of black hole remnants
• A Chern-Simons pandemic
• Symmetries in quantum field theory and quantum gravity
• Festina lente: EFT constraints from charged black hole evaporation in De Sitter

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