On mixing diffeomorphisms of the disc

DOI10.1007/S00222-019-00937-7MaRDI QIDQ2187245zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Artur Avila, Bassam Fayad, Patrice Le Calvez, Disheng Xu, Zhiyuan Zhang

Publication date 2 June 2020

Published in Inventiones Mathematicae (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1509.06906, https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/180225/1/Avila_OnMixingDiffeomorphisms_Arxiv2019.pdf

zbMATH Keywords

non-Brjuno rotation numberpseudo-rotationsurface diffeomorphismstopologically mixingzero entropy

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Ergodicity, mixing, rates of mixing (37A25) Topological entropy (37B40) Dynamical systems involving smooth mappings and diffeomorphisms (37C05) Dynamical systems involving maps of the circle (37E10) Dynamical systems involving homeomorphisms and diffeomorphisms of planes and surfaces (37E30) Rotation numbers and vectors (37E45) Perturbations of finite-dimensional Hamiltonian systems, normal forms, small divisors, KAM theory, Arnol'd diffusion (37J40)

Abstract: We prove that a real analytic pseudo-rotation $f$ of the disc or the sphere is never topologically mixing. When the rotation number of $f$ is of Brjuno type, the latter follows from a KAM theorem of R"ussmann on the stability of real analytic elliptic fixed points. In the non-Brjuno case, we prove that a pseudo-rotation of class $C^k$, $kgeq2$, is $C^{k-1}$-rigid using the simple observation, derived from Franks' Lemma on free discs, that a pseudo-rotation with small rotation number compared to its $C^1$ (or H"older) norm must be close to Identity. From our result and a structure theorem by Franks and Handel (on zero entropy surface diffeomorphisms) it follows that an analytic conservative diffeomorphism of the disc or the sphere that is topologically mixing must have positive topological entropy. In our proof we need an a priori limit on the growth of the derivatives of the iterates of a pseudo-rotation that we obtain via an effective finite information version of the Katok closing lemma for an area preserving surface diffeomorphism $f$, that provides a controlled gap in the possible growth of the derivatives of $f$ between exponential and sub-exponential.

Review text

A pseudo-rotation \(f\) is a homeomorphism of \(\mathbb{D} = \{(x,y) \in \mathbb{R}^2 \colon x^2+y^2 \leq 1\}\) that preserves the Lebesgue measure, fixes the origin, and has no other periodic points. \textit{B. Bramham} showed in [Invent. Math. 199, No. 2, 561--580 (2015; Zbl 1353.37007)] that when the rotation number of a pseudo-rotation is very well approximated by rationals then the pseudo-rotation is \(C^0\)-rigid. In this paper the authors generalize, on the basis of Franks' free disc Lemma, the above result: (i) They extend the result to non-Brjuno rotation numbers; (ii) They determine rigidity in higher regularity. Further, the authors give a quantitive gap of \(||D f^m||\) between exponential and sub-exponential growth for an area-preserving disc diffeomorphism of class \(C^2\), thus proving rigidity for non-Brjuno rotation numbers. It is pointed out by the authors that their approach to rigidity of pseudo-rotations cannot go much beyond non-Brjuno type numbers, irrespective of the regularity of the pseudo-rotation. Thus, to cover the case of less Liouvillean numbers, they use KAM theory. Last but not least, the introduction of this article ends with a series of questions and comments about the rigidity of pseudo-rotations, which emphasize the importance and vitality of this topic in dynamical systems theory.

Recommendations

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Cited in

(15)

• The rigidity of pseudo-rotations on the two-torus and a question of Norton-Sullivan
• On simultaneous linearization of certain commuting nearly integrable diffeomorphisms of the cylinder
• The Anosov-Katok method and pseudo-rotations in symplectic dynamics
• Pseudo-rotations with sufficiently Liouvillean rotation number are C^0-rigid
• Approximate identities and Lagrangian Poincaré recurrence
• Periodic approximations of irrational pseudo-rotations using pseudoholomorphic curves
• Dispersing cocycles and mixing flows under functions
• On the growth of the Floer barcode
• The Anosov-Katok method and pseudo-rotations in symplectic dynamics
• The strong closing lemma and Hamiltonian pseudo-rotations
• Invariant sets and hyperbolic closed Reeb orbits
• On pseudo-rotations of the annulus with generic rotation number
• A generalized pseudo-rotation with positive topological entropy
• The asymptotic mean action and the asymptotic linking number for pseudo-rotations
• Pseudo-rotations of the open annulus

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