Explicit absolute parallelism for 2-nondegenerate real hypersurfaces M^5 C^3 of constant Levi rank 1

Finite-type conditions on CR manifolds (32V35) Real submanifolds in complex manifolds (32V40) (G)-structures (53C10) Exterior differential systems (Cartan theory) (58A15)

Abstract: We study the local equivalence problem for five dimensional real hypersurfaces

M^{5}

of

m a t h b b C^{3}

which are

2

-nondegenerate and of constant Levi rank

1

under biholomorphisms. We find two invariants,

J

and

W

, which are expressed explicitly in terms of the graphing function

F

of

M

, the annulation of which give a necessary and sufficient condition for

M

to be locally biholomorphic to a model hypersurface, the tube over the light cone. If one of the two invariants

J

or

W

does not vanish on

M

, we show that the equivalence problem under biholomophisms reduces to an equivalence problem between

e

-structures, that is we construct an absolute parallelism on

M

.

Review text

In this paper, the authors solve \textit{in an explicit manner} the biholomorphic equivalence problem between \(5\)-dimensional \(2\)-nondegenerate real hypersurfaces in \(\mathbb C^3\) of constant Levi rank \(1\). Despite the complexity of the appearing computations and motivated by \textit{S. M. Webster}'s remarks in [Duke Math. J. 104, No. 3, 463--475 (2000; Zbl 0971.32019)], their devised \textit{differential-algebraic} approach enables them to eventually discover two fundamental differential invariants \(J\) and \(W\) of the equivalence problem in terms of derivations of the single defining equation of the CR manifolds, under consideration. In particular, it turns out that when the appearing two differential invariants vanish identically on the CR manifold, then it is holomorphically equivalent to the known tube over the light cone: \[ (\Re z_1)^2+(\Re z_2)^2+(\Re z_3)^2=0, \quad \Re z_1>0 \] defined in the complex space \(\mathbb C^3_{\{z_1, z_2, z_3\}}\). It is also worth to notice that the equivalence problem studied in this work has been also considered before by \textit{A. Isaev} and \textit{D. Zaitsev} [J. Geom. Anal. 23, No. 3, 1571--1605 (2013; Zbl 1281.32030)] and by \textit{C. Medori} and \textit{A. Spiro} [Int. Math. Res. Not. 2014, No. 20, 5602--5647 (2014; Zbl 1305.32021)]. Nevertheless, none of these two works succeeded to achieve the two fundamental differential invariant \(J\) and \(W\), explicitly in terms of the defining function of the CR manifolds in question.

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