On the unordered configuration space C(RP^n,2)
Lyusternik-Shnirel'man category of a space, topological complexity à la Farber, topological robotics (topological aspects) (55M30) Discriminantal varieties and configuration spaces in algebraic topology (55R80) Symmetric products and cyclic products in algebraic topology (55S15) Immersions in differential topology (57R42)
In the present paper, \(\text{C}(\mathbb{R}P^n,2)\) denotes the unordered configuration space of two points in the real projective space \(\mathbb{R}P^n\), \(\text{C}(\mathbb{R}P^n,2)=(\mathbb{R}P^n\times \mathbb{R}P^n-\Delta)/\mathbb{Z}_2\). Also, \(\text{G}_{n+1,2}\) denotes the Grassmann manifold of \(2\)-planes in \(\mathbb{R}^{n+1}\), and \(\text{TC}(-)\) the topological complexity, introduced by \textit{M. Farber} [Discrete Comput. Geom. 29, No. 2, 211--221 (2003; Zbl 1038.68130)]. Note that the author uses the reduced version, i.e., \(\text{TC}(X)=0\) if and only if \(X\) is contractible. The principal Theorems of this paper are as follows: Theorem 1.1. If \(n\) is a 2-power then \(\text{C}(\mathbb{R}P^n,2)\) cannot be immersed in \(\mathbb{R}^{4n-2}\) nor embedded as a closed subspace of \(\mathbb{R}^{4n-1}\). Theorem 1.2. If \(n\) is not a 2-power, then \(\text{C}(\mathbb{R}P^n,2)\) can be immersed in \(\mathbb{R}^{4n-3}\). Theorem 2.1. In the ring \(H^\ast(\text{G}_{n+1,2};\mathbb{Z}_2)\) monomials \(x^iy^j\) are independent if \(i+2j<n\). For \(\epsilon\in\{0,1\}\), if \(2n-2k-\epsilon\geq n\), then \(H^{2n-2k-\epsilon}(\text{G}_{n+1,2};\mathbb{Z}_2)\) has basis \(\beta_1,\ldots,\beta_k\), and \(x^{2i-\epsilon}y^{n-k-i}\) equals the sum of those \(\beta_j\) for which \(i+j\) is a 2-power. Theorem 3.1. If \(0\leq d<2^e\) and \(r=\max\{s\in\mathbb{Z}:~2^s\leq d+1/2\}\), then \(zcl(\text{C}(\mathbb{R}P^{2^e+d},2))=2^{e+2}+2^{r+1}-4\) and \(\text{TC}(\text{C}(\mathbb{R}P^{2^e+d},2))\geq 2^{e+2}+2^{r+1}-4\). Here, the number \(\text{zcl}(X)\) is the zero-divisors-cup-length of \(H^\ast(X;\mathbb{Z}_2)\), it is the longest nontrivial product of elements of \(\text{Ker}(\Delta^\ast:H^\ast(X\times X;\mathbb{Z}_2)\to H^\ast(X;\mathbb{Z}_2))\), where \(\Delta\) is the diagonal map.
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