Multivariable signatures, genus bounds, and 0.5-solvable cobordisms

DOI10.1307/MMJ/1574845273MaRDI QIDQ2195016zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Yanyan Li

Publication date 7 September 2020

Published in Michigan Mathematical Journal (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.07540, https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.mmj/1574845273

zbMATH Keywords

0.5-solvable cobordism 4-genus concordance multivariable signatures

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Knot theory (57K10)

Abstract: We refine prior bounds on how the multivariable signature and the nullity of a link change under link cobordisms. The formula generalizes a series of results about the 4-genus having their origins in the Murasugi-Tristram inequality, and at the same time extends previously known results about concordance invariance of the signature to a bigger set of allowed variables. Finally, we show that the multivariable signature and nullity are also invariant under

0.5

-solvable cobordism.

Review text

Given a a link \(L\) whose components are partitioned into \(\mu\) sublinks -- i.e.~a \(\mu\)-colored link -- one can associate two functions \(\sigma_L, \eta_L \colon (S^1 \setminus \{1\})^{\mu} \to \mathbb{Z}\) called respectively the multivariable signature and nullity functions. The functions \(\sigma_L\) and \(\eta_L\), originally defined by \textit{D. Cooper} [Lond. Math. Soc. Lect. Note Ser. 48, 51--66 (1982; Zbl 0483.57004)] (see also [\textit{D. Cimasoni} and \textit{V. Florens}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 360, No. 3, 1223--1264 (2008; Zbl 1132.57004)]) generalize the classical Tristram-Levine signature and nullity functions of an ordinary (i.e.~1-colored) link. Later work of [\textit{O. Viro}, J. Knot Theory Ramifications 18, No. 6, 729--755 (2009; Zbl 1188.57005)] gave a direct interpretation of these two functions in terms of certain surfaces in the 4-ball bounding the link. In this work, the authors fruitfully apply Viro's perspective to generalize several results about the Tristram-Levine signature function to the multivariable setting. First, they establish the multivariable signature and nullity functions of the \(\mu\)-colored links \(L\) and \(L'\) can be used to provide bounds on the (negative) Euler characteristic and number of double points of any immersed \(\mu\)-colored surface between \(L\) and \(L'\). This implies that many values of \(\sigma_L\) and \(\mu_L\) are invariant under colored link concordance. The authors go on to show that the multivariable signature and nullity functions are invariant even under \(0.5\)-solvable cobordism, a weaker form of concordance defined by \textit{J. C. Cha} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 366, No. 6, 3241--3273 (2014; Zbl 1303.57006)].

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