New characterizations for the multi-output correlation-immune Boolean functions

DOI10.1016/J.DISC.2020.112082MaRDI QIDQ2198404zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Jinjin Chai, Sihem Mesnager, Zilong Wang

Publication date 10 September 2020

Published in Discrete Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.05351

discrete Fourier transform Walsh transform correlation immunity side-channel attacks generalized Boolean function multi-output Boolean function

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Fourier and Fourier-Stieltjes transforms and other transforms of Fourier type (42A38) Boolean functions (94D10)

Abstract: Correlation-immune (CI) multi-output Boolean functions have the property of keeping the same output distribution when some input variables are fixed. Recently, a new application of CI functions has appeared in the system of resisting side-channel attacks (SCA). In this paper, three new methods are proposed to characterize the

t

th-order CI multi-output Boolean functions (

n

-input and

m

-output). The first characterization is to regard the multi-output Boolean functions as the corresponding generalized Boolean functions. It is shown that a generalized Boolean functions

f_{g}

is a

t

th-order CI function if and only if the Walsh transform of

f_{g}

defined here vanishes at all points with Hamming weights between

1

and

t

. Compared to the previous Walsh transforms of component functions, our first method can reduce the computational complexity from

to

. The last two methods are generalized from Fourier spectral characterizations. Especially, Fourier spectral characterizations are more efficient to characterize the symmetric multi-output CI Boolean functions.

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