Edge-transitive bi-Cayley graphs

DOI10.1016/J.JCTB.2020.05.006MaRDI QIDQ2200924zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Jin-Xin Zhou, Marston D. E. Conder, Yan-Quan Feng, Mimi Zhang

Publication date 24 September 2020

Published in Journal of Combinatorial Theory. Series B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.04625

zbMATH Keywords

bi-Cayley graphedge-transitive graphhalf-arc-transitive graphsemisymmetric graph

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Graphs and abstract algebra (groups, rings, fields, etc.) (05C25)

Abstract: A graph $G$ admitting a group $H$ of automorphisms acting semi-regularly on the vertices with exactly two orbits is called a {em bi-Cayley graph/} over $H$. Such a graph $G$ is called {em normal/} if $H$ is normal in the full automorphism group of $G$, and {em normal edge-transitive/} if the normaliser of $H$ in the full automorphism group of $G$ is transitive on the edges of $G$. % In this paper, we give a characterisation of normal edge-transitive bi-Cayley graphs, %which form an important subfamily of bi-Cayley graphs, and in particular, we give a detailed description of $2$-arc-transitive normal bi-Cayley graphs. Using this, we investigate three classes of bi-Cayley graphs, namely those over abelian groups, dihedral groups and metacyclic $p$-groups. We find that under certain conditions, `normal edge-transitive' is the same as `normal' for graphs in these three classes. As a by-product, we obtain a complete classification of all connected trivalent edge-transitive graphs of girth at most $6$, and answer some open questions from the literature about $2$-arc-transitive, half-arc-transitive and semisymmetric graphs.

Review text

A graph \(\Gamma\) is a bi-Cayley graph on the group \(G\) if there is a subgroup of the automorphism group of \(\Gamma\) that is isomorphic to \(G\) and acts semi-regularly, with two orbits (of equal length). In this paper, the authors consider bi-Cayley graphs that are edge-transitive. They produce a variety of important and interesting results about such graphs, including: \par i) showing that the normaliser of \(G\) in the automorphism group of \(\Gamma\) cannot act transitively on the 3-arcs of \(\Gamma\), and characterising when it can act transitively on the 2-arcs; and \par ii) demonstrating with infinite families in each case that when the normaliser of \(G\) in the automorphism group of \(\Gamma\) acts transitively on the edges, \(\Gamma\) can be arc-transitive, half-arc-transitive, or semisymmetric. \par They also provide constructions and structural results about semisymmetric bi-Cayley graphs on dihedral groups and bi-Cayley graphs of valency 4 on non-abelian metacyclic \(p\)-groups, that are vertex-transitive and edge-transitive. \par This work also allows the authors to completely characterise connected edge-transitive graphs of valency 3 and girth at most 6.

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• Magma

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