Kurepa trees and spectra of L__1, -sentences

DOI10.1007/S00153-020-00729-4MaRDI QIDQ2204375zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Dima Sinapova, Ioannis Souldatos

Publication date 15 October 2020

Published in Archive for Mathematical Logic (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1705.05821

zbMATH Keywords

abstract elementary classesamalgamationinfinitary logicKurepa treesmaximal modelsspectra

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Abstract elementary classes and related topics (03C48) Properties of classes of models (03C52) Set-theoretic model theory (03C55) Other infinitary logic (03C75) Consistency and independence results (03E35) Applications of set theory (03E75)

Abstract: We use set-theoretic tools to make a model-theoretic contribution. In particular, we construct a emph{single} $mathcal{L}_{omeg{a}_1,omega}$-sentence $psi$ that codes Kurepa trees to prove the consistency of the following: (1) The spectrum of $psi$ is consistently equal to $[alep{h}_0,alep{h}_{omeg{a}_1}]$ and also consistently equal to $[alep{h}_0,2^{alep{h}_1})$, where $2^{alep{h}_1}$ is weakly inaccessible. (2) The amalgamation spectrum of $psi$ is consistently equal to $[alep{h}_1,alep{h}_{omeg{a}_1}]$ and $[alep{h}_1,2^{alep{h}_1})$, where again $2^{alep{h}_1}$ is weakly inaccessible. This is the first example of an $mathcal{L}_{omeg{a}_1,omega}$-sentence whose spectrum and amalgamation spectrum are consistently both right-open and right-closed. It also provides a positive answer to a question in [18]. (3) Consistently, $psi$ has maximal models in finite, countable, and uncountable many cardinalities. This complements the examples given in [1] and [2] of sentences with maximal models in countably many cardinalities. (4) $2^{alep{h}_0}<alep{h}_{omeg{a}_1}<2^{alep{h}_1}$ and there exists an $mathcal{L}_{omeg{a}_1,omega}$-sentence with models in $alep{h}_{omeg{a}_1}$, but no models in $2^{alep{h}_1}$. This relates to a conjecture by Shelah that if $alep{h}_{omeg{a}_1}<2^{alep{h}_0}$, then any $mathcal{L}_{omeg{a}_1,omega}$-sentence with a model of size $alep{h}_{omeg{a}_1}$ also has a model of size $2^{alep{h}_0}$. Our result proves that $2^{alep{h}_0}$ can not be replaced by $2^{alep{h}_1}$, even if $2^{alep{h}_0}<alep{h}_{omeg{a}_1}$.

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Cited in

(6)

• Canonical models for _1-combinatorics
• The nonabsoluteness of model existence in uncountable cardinals for \(L_{\omega_{1},\omega}\)
• Characterizing the spectra of cardinalities of branches of Kurepa trees
• Perfect subtree property for weakly compact cardinals
• Non-absoluteness of model existence at \(\aleph_\omega \)
• Complete \(\mathcal{L}_{\omega_1,\omega}\)-sentences with maximal models in multiple cardinalities

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