Differential geometry of immersed surfaces in three-dimensional normed spaces

DOI10.1007/S12188-020-00219-7MaRDI QIDQ2210685zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Vitor Balestro, Horst Martini, Ralph C. Teixeira

Publication date 8 November 2020

Published in Abhandlungen aus dem Mathematischen Seminar der Universität Hamburg (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.04226

zbMATH Keywords

(equi-)affine immersionsaffine normalBirkhoff orthogonalityFinsler manifoldGauss-Birkhoff mapMinkowski Gaussian curvatureMinkowski mean curvatureMinkowski normal curvaturerigidity theorems

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Geometry and structure of normed linear spaces (46B20) Minkowski geometries in nonlinear incidence geometry (51B20) Convex sets in (3) dimensions (including convex surfaces) (52A15) Convexity and finite-dimensional Banach spaces (including special norms, zonoids, etc.) (aspects of convex geometry) (52A21) Affine differential geometry (53A15) Non-Euclidean differential geometry (53A35)

Abstract: In this paper we study curvature types of immersed surfaces in three-dimensional (normed or) Minkowski spaces. By endowing the surface with a normal vector field, which is a transversal vector field given by the ambient Birkhoff orthogonality, we get an analogue of the Gauss map. Then we can define concepts of principal, Gaussian, and mean curvatures in terms of the eigenvalues of the differential of this map. Considering planar sections containing the normal field, we also define normal curvatures at each point of the surface, and with respect to each tangent direction. We investigate the relations between these curvature types. Further on we prove that, under an additional hypothesis, a compact, connected surface without boundary whose Minkowski Gaussian curvature is constant must be a Minkowski sphere.

Review text

The paper presents an approach to the geometry of immersed surfaces in three-dimensional (normed or) Minkowski spaces from different points of views; Minkowski geometry, classical differential geometry and Finsler geometry. In view of Minkowski geometry, some concepts from Euclidean geometry such as orthogonality and curvature are extended and then their behavior are studied. From the viewpoint of Finsler geometry, the curvature of a Finsler manifold whose geometry is induced by the Minkowski geometry of an ambient space is studied. Explicitly, for a given surface in a three-dimensional Minkowski space, the authors endow the surface with the transversal vector field obtained via the Birkhoff orthogonality associated to the norm, and then they get an analogue of the Gauss map, the so-called Gauss-Birkhoff map of the surface. Then they define concepts of principal, Gaussian, and mean curvatures in terms of the eigenvalues of the differential of this map. Also, they extend the notions of curvature lines, asymptotic directions, and umbilic points. In particular they prove that an immersed connected surface all whose points are umbilic is contained in a plane or in a Minkowski sphere (Section 4). Furthermore, the authors extend the notion of normal curvature of a surface by considering the plane curvatures of curves given as plane sections of the surface (Section 5). They describe the relations between the normal curvature and the principal curvatures. Under an additional hypothesis on the (Minkowski) curvature lines of the surface they prove that a surface with constant (positive) Minkowski Gaussian curvature should be a Minkowski sphere (Section 6).

Recommendations

• On curvature of surfaces immersed in normed spaces
• Surface immersions in normed spaces from the affine point of view
• Some topics in differential geometry of normed spaces
• Isometric immersions in Minkowski spaces
• Minkowski Geometry—Some Concepts and Recent Developments

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Cited in

(10)

• On curvature of surfaces immersed in normed spaces
• Surface immersions in normed spaces from the affine point of view
• Euclidean symmetry of closed surfaces immersed in 3-space
• Some topics in differential geometry of normed spaces
• Curvature locus of a 3-manifold having a normal bundle with some flat direction
• Minkowski Geometry—Some Concepts and Recent Developments
• Orthogonality types in normed linear spaces
• Singularities of generic line congruences
• Rotational surfaces in a 3-dimensional normed space
• On intrinsic geometry of surfaces in normed spaces

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