Sinks and sources for C^1 dynamics whose Lyapunov exponents have constant sign

zbMATH Open1458.37047arXiv1806.05245MaRDI QIDQ2215982FDOQ2215982

Authors: Vitor Araujo 

Publication date: 15 December 2020

Published in: Osaka Journal of Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Let $f:MoM$ be a $C^1$ map of a compact manifold $M$, with dimension at least $2$, admitting some point whose future trajectory has only negative Lyapunov exponents. Then this trajectory converges to a periodic sink. We need only assume that $Df$ is never the null map at any point (in particular, we need no extra smoothness assumption on $Df$), encompassing a wide class of possible critical behavior. Similarly, a trajectory having only positive Lyapunov exponents for a $C^1$ diffeomorphism is itself a periodic repeller (source). Analogously for a $C^1$ open and dense subset of vector field on finite dimensional manifolds: for a flow $ph{i}_t$ generated by such a vector field, if a trajectory admits weak asymptotic sectional contraction (the extreme rates of expansion of the Linear Poincar'e Flow are all negative), then this trajectory belongs either to the basin of attraction of a periodic hyperbolic attracting orbit (a periodic sink or an attracting equilibrium); or the trajectory accumulates a codimension one saddle singularity. Similar results hold for weak sectional expanding trajectories. Both results extend part of the non-uniform hyperbolic theory (Pesin's Theory) from the $C^{1+}$ diffeomorphism setting to $C^1$ endomorphisms and $C^1$ flows. Some ergodic theoretical consequences are discussed. The proofs use versions of Pliss' Lemma for maps and flows translated as (reverse) hyperbolic times, and a result ensuring that certain subadditive cocycles over vector fields are in fact additive.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.05245

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zbMATH Keywords

Lyapunov exponentsdiffeomorphismnonuniform hyperbolic theoryPesin's theory, linear Poincare flow

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Dynamical systems involving smooth mappings and diffeomorphisms (37C05) Uniformly hyperbolic systems (expanding, Anosov, Axiom A, etc.) (37D20) Nonuniformly hyperbolic systems (Lyapunov exponents, Pesin theory, etc.) (37D25) Partially hyperbolic systems and dominated splittings (37D30)

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Cited In (4)

• Sinks, sources and saddles for expansive flows with the pseudo-orbits tracing property
• Sinks with relatively large immediate basins and a refinement of Mañé's \(C^1\) generic dichotomy
• Some systems with \(C_1\) regularity and only negative Lyapunov exponents
• Thermodynamical and spectral phase transition for local diffeomorphisms in the circle

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