On -bounded and M-compact reflections of topological spaces

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2020.107547MaRDI QIDQ2219291zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 19 January 2021

Published in Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.09186

\(\kappa\)-bounded space \(M\)-compact space Wallman extension

Categorical methods in general topology (54B30) Compactness (54D30) Extensions of spaces (compactifications, supercompactifications, completions, etc.) (54D35) Special constructions of topological spaces (spaces of ultrafilters, etc.) (54D80)

Abstract: For a topological space

X

its reflection in a class

m a t h s f T

of topological spaces is a pair

(m a t h s f T X, i_{X})

consisting of a space

m a t h s f T X i n m a t h s f T

and continuous map

i_{X} : X o m a t h s f T X

such that for any continuous map

f : X o Y

to a space

Y i n m a t h s f T

there exists a unique continuous map

such that

. In this paper for an infinite cardinal

k a p p a

and a nonempty set

M

of ultrafilters on

k a p p a

, we study the reflections of topological spaces in the classes

m a t h s f H_{k} a p p a

of

k a p p a

-bounded Hausdorff spaces and

m a t h s f H_{M}

of

M

-compact Hausdorff spaces (a topological space

X

is

k a p p a

-bounded if the closures of subsets of cardinality

l e k a p p a

in

X

are compact;

X

is

M

-compact if any function

x : k a p p a o X

has a

p

-limit in

M

for every ultrafilter

p i n M

).

Review text

For a class \(\mathsf{T}\) of topological spaces and a topological space \(X\), a \emph{reflection} of \(X\) in \(\mathsf{T}\) is a pair \((\mathsf{T} X, i_X)\) consisting of a space \(\mathsf{T} X \in \mathsf{T}\) and a continuous map \(i_X : X \rightarrow \mathsf{T} X\) such that for any continuous map \(f : X \rightarrow Y\) to a topological space \(Y\in \mathsf{T}\), there exists a unique continuous map \(\overline{f} : \mathsf{T} \rightarrow Y\) such that \(f= \overline{f}\circ i_X\). The pair \((\mathsf{T} X, i_X)\) is called a \(\mathsf{T}\)-\emph{reflection} of \(X\). Let \(\kappa\) be an infinite cardinal endowed with the discrete topology and \(M\subseteq \beta \kappa\) (the Stone-Čech compactification of \(\kappa\)) be a nonempty set of ultrafilters on \(\kappa\). A topological space \(X\) is called \(\kappa\)-\emph{bounded} if the closure \(A\) of any set \(A\subseteq X\) of cardinality \(|A|\leq \kappa\) in \(X\) is compact; \(X\) is called \(M\)-\emph{compact} if for any ultrafilter \(p\in M\) and function \(x : \kappa \rightarrow X\) there exists a point \(\overline{x}\in X\) such that \(x^{-1}(U)\in p\) for any neighborhood \(U\subseteq X\) of \(\overline{x}\). These two notions of topological spaces are defined in the present paper. In this paper, the author describes the structure of reflections of topological spaces in some classes of Hausdorff compact-like spaces. For an infinite cardinal \(\kappa\) and a nonempty set \(M\) of ultrafilters on \(\kappa\), the reflections of topological spaces in the classes \(\mathsf{H}_{\kappa}\) of Hausdorff \(\kappa\)-bounded spaces and \(\mathsf{H}_{M}\) of Hausdorff \(M\)-compact spaces are studied. It is shown that for a \(\kappa\)-normal space \(X\) (containing no long \(\kappa\)-butterflies) its \(\mathsf{H}_{\kappa}\)-reflection (resp. \(\mathsf{H}_M\)-reflection) can be realized as a subspace of the Wallman extension \(\mathsf{W} X\), endowed with a suitable topology.

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