On Filippov solutions of discontinuous DAEs of index 1
This paper is devoted to the analysis of discontinuous differential-algebraic equations (DDAEs) of index 1 with a co-dimension 1 discontinuity manifold. The main aim is to adopt the Filippov theory that was developed for discontinuous ordinary differential equations (DODEs) to construct sliding solutions on the discontinuity manifold for DDAEs. The main steps are as follows. First, the DDAE are rewritten as a DODE with the same solutions. Next, the Filippov methodology is applied to study the resulting DODE. Then, a characterization of crossing/sliding points and sliding solutions is obtained for the DDAE. Three approaches are used for formulating DODEs: the direct substitution approach (state-space form), the singular perturbation approach, and the weak formulation approach. In general, sliding solutions of DDAEs are not unambiguously defined. It is shown that the smoothness of the algebraic constraint is of key importance. When the algebraic constraint is smooth (i.e., it is continuous and differentiable), the classification of crossing/sliding points and sliding solutions does not depend on the particular approach of formulating DODEs, i.e. the DDAE is well defined. If the algebraic constraint is discontinuous, the weak formulation approach is not feasible. Moreover, the classification of crossing/sliding points and sliding solutions is not equivalent for the direct and the singular perturbation approaches. Numerical examples are also given for illustration.
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