The Kostant invariant and special -orthogonal representations for -quadratic colour Lie algebras
Given a field \(\mathbb{F}\), an abelian group \(\Gamma\), and a skew-symmetric bicharacter (or commutation factor) \(\epsilon:\Gamma\times\Gamma\rightarrow \mathbb{F}^\times\), a color Lie algebra is a \(G\)-graded algebra \(L=\bigoplus_{g\in G}L_g\) satisfying the natural deformations of anticommutativity and the Jacobi identity. Color Lie algebras generalize both Lie algebras and Lie superalgebras. The paper under review extends carefully to the setting of color Lie algebras results of \textit{B. Kostant} [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 42, 148--151 (1956; Zbl 0073.17001); Duke Math. J. 100, No. 3, 447--501 (1999; Zbl 0952.17005)] on orthogonal and symplectic representations of quadratic (i.e., endowed with a nondegenerate symmetric invariant bilinear form) Lie algebras, and of \textit{Z. Chen} and \textit{Y. Kang} [``An analogue of the Kostant criterion for quadratic Lie superalgebras, Preprint, \url{arXiv:1512.01745}] on orthosymplectic representations of quadratic Lie superalgebras. To do that, one has to consider the moment map of \(\varepsilon\)-orthogonal representations, which extends the classical moment map. The so called special \(\varepsilon\)-orthogonal representations of a quadratic color Lie algebra are considered, too. These generalize the symplectic representations associated with Freudenthal triple systems (or symplectic triple systems). A noteworthy example for Lie algebras is the representation of \(\mathfrak{sl}_2\) on the space of binary cubic forms, which can be used to construct the exceptional Lie algebra of type \(G_2\). For these special \(\epsilon\)-orthogonal representations, some nice formulas are given that broadly extend the classical Mathews identities for binary cubic forms [\textit{G. B. Mathews}, Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. (2) 9, 200--204 (1911; JFM 42.0243.02)].
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