Approximation by regular functions in Sobolev spaces arising from doubly elliptic problems

DOI10.1007/S40574-020-00225-WMaRDI QIDQ2227250zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 15 February 2021

Published in Bollettino dell'Unione Matematica Italiana (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.10740

density results smooth functions Sobolev spaces the Laplace-Beltrami operator

Elliptic equations and elliptic systems (35J99) Sobolev spaces and other spaces of ``smooth functions, embedding theorems, trace theorems (46E35) Abstract interpolation of topological vector spaces (46M35)

Abstract: The paper deals with a nontrivial density result for

C^{m} (o v e r l i n e O m e g a)

functions, with

m i n m a t h b b N c u p i n f t y

, in the space

W^{k,ell,p}(Omega;Gamma)= left{uin W^{k,p}(Omega): u_{|Gamma}in W^{ell,p}(Gamma) ight},

endowed with the norm of

(u, u_{| G a m m a})

in

W^{k, p} (O m e g a) i m e s W^{e l l, p} (G a m m a)

, where

O m e g a

is a bounded open subset of

{m a t h b b R}^{N}

,

N g e 2

, with boundary

G a m m a

of class

C^{m}

,

k l e e l l l e m

and

1 l e p < i n f t y

. Such a result is of interest when dealing with doubly elliptic problems involving two elliptic operators, one in

O m e g a

and the other on

G a m m a

. Moreover we shall also consider the case when a Dirichlet homogeneous boundary condition is imposed on a relatively open part of

G a m m a

and, as a preliminary step, we shall prove an analogous result when either

O m e g a = {m a t h b b R}^{N}

or

O m e g a = {m a t h b b R}_{+}^{N}

and

G a m m a = p a r t i a l {m a t h b b R}_{+}^{N}

. keywords{Density resultsand Sobolev spaces and Smooth functions and the Laplace--Beltrami operator.

Review text

The paper deals with a nontrivial density result involving Sobolev spaces of integer nonnegative order, which are the most classical ones, but the density subject is standard also when working with Sobolev spaces of fractional order, also known as Sobolev-Slobodeckij spaces, and with Besov spaces and Bessel-potential spaces. Such a result is of interest when dealing with doubly elliptic problems involving two elliptic operators. The authors also consider the case when a Dirichlet homogeneous boundary condition is imposed. In the paper the authors deal with a Friedrichs type result. Indeed, they explain that boundary regularity is needed even to state their main result.

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