Stability of the logarithmic Sobolev inequality via the Föllmer process

DOI10.1214/19-AIHP1038zbMATH Open1466.60032arXiv1903.04522OpenAlexW4285711754MaRDI QIDQ2227485FDOQ2227485

Authors: Ronen Eldan, Joseph Lehec, Yair Shenfeld 

Publication date: 15 February 2021

Published in: Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincaré. Probabilités et Statistiques (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study the stability and instability of the Gaussian logarithmic Sobolev inequality, in terms of covariance, Wasserstein distance and Fisher information, addressing several open questions in the literature. We first establish an improved logarithmic Sobolev inequality which is at the same time scale invariant and dimension free. As a corollary, we show that if the covariance of the measure is bounded by the identity, one may obtain a sharp and dimension-free stability bound in terms of the Fisher information matrix. We then investigate under what conditions stability estimates control the covariance, and when such control is impossible. For the class of measures whose covariance matrix is dominated by the identity, we obtain optimal dimension-free stability bounds which show that the deficit in the logarithmic Sobolev inequality is minimized by Gaussian measures, under a fixed covariance constraint. On the other hand, we construct examples showing that without the boundedness of the covariance, the inequality is not stable. Finally, we study stability in terms of the Wasserstein distance, and show that even for the class of measures with a bounded covariance matrix, it is hopeless to obtain a dimension-free stability result. The counterexamples provided motivate us to put forth a new notion of stability, in terms of proximity to mixtures of the Gaussian distribution. We prove new estimates (some dimension-free) based on this notion. These estimates are strictly stronger than some of the existing stability results in terms of the Wasserstein metric. Our proof techniques rely heavily on stochastic methods.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.04522

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zbMATH Keywords

stochastic methodsquantitative functional inequalities

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Inequalities; stochastic orderings (60E15) Diffusion processes (60J60) Functional inequalities, including subadditivity, convexity, etc. (39B62)

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Cited In (20)

• Deficit estimates for the logarithmic Sobolev inequality.
• A quantitative log-Sobolev inequality for a two parameter family of functions
• Quantitative logarithmic Sobolev inequalities and stability estimates
• Stability of hypercontractivity, the logarithmic Sobolev inequality, and Talagrand's cost inequality
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• Stability of the Shannon-Stam inequality via the Föllmer process
• Intrinsic dimensional functional inequalities on model spaces
• Some remarks on the stability of the log-Sobolev inequality for the Gaussian measure

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