An upper bound for the number of gravitationally lensed images in a multiplane point-mass ensemble

DOI10.1007/S13324-021-00478-4MaRDI QIDQ2227872zbMATHOpenAlexFDO

Authors Sean Perry

Publication date 16 February 2021

Published in Analysis and Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.01454

zbMATH Keywords

potentialgravitational lensingrational functionresultantSylvester matrixcomplex polynomial

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Equations of motion in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C10) General questions in astronomy and astrophysics (85A04) Galactic and stellar dynamics (85A05) Functional equations in the complex plane, iteration and composition of analytic functions of one complex variable (30D05) Harmonic, subharmonic, superharmonic functions in two dimensions (31A05)

Abstract: Herein we prove an upper bound on the number of gravitationally lensed images in a generic multiplane point-mass ensemble with K planes and g_i masses in the ith plane. With E_K and O_K the sums of the even and odd degree terms respectively of the formal polynomial prod_{i=1}^K (1 + g_i Z), the number of lensed images of a single background point-source is shown to be bounded by E_K^2+O_K^2. Previous studies concerning upper bounds for point-mass ensembles have been restricted to two special cases: one point-mass per plane and all point-masses in a single plane.

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Cites work

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Cited in

(6)

• Five Point Mass Gravitational Lenses in a Rhombus as a Soluble Model Giving the Maximum Number of Images
• Multiplane gravitational lenses with an abundance of images
• Perturbation theory of multi-plane lens effects in terms of mass ratios: approximate expressions of lensed-image positions for two lens planes
• On the number of equilibria balancing Newtonian point masses with a central force
• Upper bounds for the number of isolated critical points via the Thom-Milnor theorem
• Creating images by adding masses to gravitational point lenses

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