Universal quantum uncertainty relations: minimum-uncertainty wave packet depends on measure of spread

DOI10.1016/J.PHYSLETA.2019.03.012MaRDI QIDQ2231191zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Anindita Bera, Debmalya Das, Ujjwal Sen, Aditi Sen

Publication date 29 September 2021

Published in Physics Letters. A (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.00720

quantum information quantum mechanics quantum uncertainty relation

Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.) (33C45) Coherent states (81R30) Uncertainty relations, also entropic (81S07)

Abstract: Based on the statistical concept of the median, we propose a quantum uncertainty relation between semi-interquartile ranges of the position and momentum distributions of arbitrary quantum states. The relation is universal, unlike that based on the mean and standard deviation, as the latter may become non-existent or ineffective in certain cases. We show that the median-based one is not saturated for Gaussian distributions in position. Instead, the Cauchy-Lorentz distributions in position turn out to be the one with the minimal uncertainty, among the states inspected, implying that the minimum-uncertainty state is not unique but depends on the measure of spread used. Even the ordering of the states with respect to the distance from the minimum uncertainty state is altered by a change in the measure. We invoke the completeness of Hermite polynomials in the space of all quantum states to probe the median-based relation. The results have potential applications in a variety of studies including those on the quantum-to-classical boundary and on quantum cryptography.

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