Spectral-free methods in the theory of hereditarily indecomposable Banach spaces

DOI10.36045/J.BBMS.200123MaRDI QIDQ2233218zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors N. de Rancourt

Publication date 15 October 2021

Published in Bulletin of the Belgian Mathematical Society - Simon Stevin (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.12813

zbMATH Keywords

connectedness of general linear groupsFredholm theoryhereditarily indecomposable Banach spacesisometrically homogeneous Banach spaces

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Isomorphic theory (including renorming) of Banach spaces (46B03) Isometric theory of Banach spaces (46B04) Spaces of operators; tensor products; approximation properties (46B28) (Semi-) Fredholm operators; index theories (47A53)

Abstract: We give new and simple proofs of some classical properties of hereditarily indecomposable Banach spaces, including the result by W. T. Gowers and B. Maurey that a hereditarily indecomposable Banach space cannot be isomorphic to a proper subspace of itself. These proofs do not make use of spectral theory and therefore, they work in real spaces as well as in complex spaces. We use our method to prove some new results. For example, we give a quantitative version of the latter result by Gowers and Maurey and deduce that Banach spaces that are isometric to all of their subspaces should have an unconditional basis with unconditional constant arbitrarily close to $1$. We also study the homotopy relation between into isomorphisms in hereditarily indecomposable spaces.

Review text

It is well known that every infinite-dimensional Banach space contains an infinite dimensional subspace with a Schauder basis. A natural question is whether every infinite-dimensional Banach space has an infinite-dimensional subspace with an unconditional basis. This problem was solved negatively by \textit{W. T. Gowers} and \textit{B. Maurey} [J. Am. Math. Soc. 6, No.~4, 851--874 (1993; Zbl 0827.46008)]. In fact, Gowers and Maurey constructed a Banach space \(X\) with a stronger property: \(X\) is hereditarily indecomposable (HI for short), i.e., no two subspaces of it are in topological direct sum. They also proved that an HI space is isomorphic to no proper subspace of itself. In the paper under review, the author introduces new methods in the theory of HI spaces, providing new simple proofs of some classical properties of HI spaces. In particular, he obtains a new and direct proof of the fact that an HI space is isomorphic to no proper subspace of itself for real spaces. A quantitative version of this theorem is also presented. In the final section, the author proves new results about the homotopy relation between into isomorphisms from HI spaces. For instance, it is shown that the general linear group of the real HI space built by Gowers and Maurey has exactly \(4\) connected components.

Recommendations

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Cites work

• A Banach space dichotomy theorem for quotients of subspaces
• An infinite Ramsey theorem and some Banach-space dichotomies
• Banach spaces without local unconditional structure
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3678541 (Why is no real title available?)
• Operators on Subspaces of Hereditarily Indecomposable Banach Spaces
• The Unconditional Basic Sequence Problem

Cited in

(13)

• Gowers-Maurey's space and its conjugate space
• On the solution of the scalar-plus-compact problem by Argyros and Haydon
• A new dichotomy for Banach spaces
• A dual method of constructing hereditarily indecomposable Banach spaces
• Linear relations on hereditarily indecomposable normed spaces
• A simple proof for a decomposition theorem on hereditarily indecomposable Banach spaces
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1785920 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1797625 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1930737 (Why is no real title available?)
• Methods in the theory of hereditarily indecomposable Banach spaces
• Subsequential minimality in Gowers and Maurey spaces
• Some characterizations of hereditarily indecomposable Banach spaces
• Polish spaces of Banach spaces: complexity of isometry and isomorphism classes

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