Local cohomology and the multigraded regularity of FI^m-modules

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Publication:2236795



Abstract: We develop a local cohomology theory for FIm-modules, and show that it in many ways mimics the classical theory for multi-graded modules over a polynomial ring. In particular, we define an invariant of FIm-modules using this local cohomology theory which closely resembles an invariant of multi-graded modules over Cox rings defined by Maclagan and Smith. It is then shown that this invariant behaves almost identically to the invariant of Maclagan and Smith.


In this paper, the authors consider regularity properties of \(\mathcal{FI}^m\)-modules, working over a commutative Noetherian ring for the main results. (Here \(\mathcal{FI}^m\) is the \(m\)-fold product of the category \(\mathcal{FI}\) of finite sets and injections.) Important players are \(\mathcal{FI}^m\)-module homology and the semi-induced \(\mathcal{FI}^m\)-modules (those admitting a finite filtration with associated graded that is induced). The latter play a fundamental rรดle in the theory; for instance, a finitely-generated \(\mathcal{FI}^m\)-module is acyclic for homology if and only if it is semi-induced [\textit{L. Li} and \textit{N. Yu}, J. Pure Appl. Algebra 223, No. 8, 3436--3460 (2019; Zbl 1411.13011)]. The authors work with the notion of \(B\)-torsion. This is intimately related to the behaviour of shift functors. (For any object \(\mathbf{a}\), the shift functor \(\Sigma _{\mathbf{a}}\) is induced by precomposition with \(-\amalg \mathbf{a}\) and there is a natural transformation \(\mathrm{Id} \rightarrow \Sigma _{\mathbf{a}}\).) A \(\mathcal{FI}^m\)-module \(V\) is \(B\)-torsion-free if and only if \(V \rightarrow \Sigma_{1, \ldots , 1} V\) is injective. In general there is a natural short exact sequence \[ 0 \rightarrow V_T \rightarrow V \rightarrow V_F \rightarrow 0 \] in which \(V_T\) is \(B\)-torsion and \(V_F\) is \(B\)-torsion-free. Generalizing ideas of Nagpal (cf. [\textit{R. Nagpal}, Algebra Number Theory 13, No. 9, 2151--2189 (2019; Zbl 1461.20004)]), Li and Yu established a profound link between torsion and semi-induced modules. For example, for \(V\) a finitely-generated \(\mathcal{FI}^m\)-module and \(N \gg 0\), the natural transformation \(\mathrm{Id} \rightarrow \Sigma_{N, \ldots, N}\) induces an exact sequence \[ 0 \rightarrow V_T \rightarrow V \rightarrow \Sigma_{N, \ldots , N} V \] with \(\Sigma_{N, \ldots, N} V\) semi-induced. This allows the construction of coresolutions (up to \(B\)-torsion) using semi-induced modules. The authors define \(H^0_B (V):= V_T\) and the local cohomology \(H^i_B(-)\) as the right derived functors. Then, using the above techniques, they show that the vanishing of \(H^{>0}_ B(-)\) for finitely-generated \(\mathcal{FI}^m\)-modules is equivalent to \(V_F\) being semi-induced. They then introduce a notion of Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity for finitely-generated \(\mathcal{FI}^m\)-modules, \(\mathrm{CMreg}(V)\), related to the multi-graded regularity of [\textit{D. Maclagan} and \textit{G. G. Smith}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 571, 179--212 (2004; Zbl 1062.13004)] and prove an analogue of the main result of that paper. Namely, for \(V\) a finitely-generated \(\mathcal{FI}^m\)-module, \(\mathbf{r} \in \mathrm{CMreg}(V)\) and \(\mathbf{c}\) with positive entries, there exists a complex \[ \ldots \rightarrow F_i \rightarrow F_{i-1} \rightarrow \ldots \rightarrow F_0 \rightarrow V \rightarrow 0 \] that is exact up to \(B\)-torsion and such that \(F_i\) is an induced module generated in degree \(\mathbf{r} + i \mathbf{c}\). The proof exploits the Koszul complex that calculates \(\mathcal{FI}^m\)-module homology.











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