Adjacency eigenvalues of graphs without short odd cycles

DOI10.1016/J.DISC.2021.112633MaRDI QIDQ2237217zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Shuchao Li, Wanting Sun, Yuantian Yu

Publication date 27 October 2021

Published in Discrete Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.04599

zbMATH Keywords

eigenvaluesshort cycles

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Graphs and linear algebra (matrices, eigenvalues, etc.) (05C50) Paths and cycles (05C38)

Abstract: It is well known that spectral Tur'{a}n type problem is one of the most classical {problems} in graph theory. In this paper, we consider the spectral Tur'{a}n type problem. Let $G$ be a graph and let $mathcalG$ be a set of graphs, we say $G$ is extit{$mathcalG$-free} if $G$ does not contain any element of $mathcalG$ as a subgraph. Denote by $lambd{a}_1$ and $lambd{a}_2$ the largest and the second largest eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix $A(G)$ of $G,$ respectively. In this paper we focus on the characterization of graphs without short odd cycles according to the adjacency eigenvalues of the graphs. Firstly, an upper bound on $lambd{a}_1^{2k}+lambd{a}_2^{2k}$ of $n$-vertex $C_3,C_5,ldots,C_{2k+1}$-free graphs is established, where $k$ is a positive integer. All the corresponding extremal graphs are identified. Secondly, a sufficient condition for non-bipartite graphs containing an odd cycle of length at most $2k+1$ in terms of its spectral radius is given. At last, we characterize the unique graph having the maximum spectral radius among the set of $n$-vertex non-bipartite graphs with odd girth at least $2k+3,$ which solves an open problem proposed by Lin, Ning and Wu [Eigenvalues and triangles in graphs, Combin. Probab. Comput. 30 (2) (2021) 258-270].

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