Uniformization theorems: between Yamabe and Paneitz
Let \((X,g_+)\) be the interior of a conformally compact and asymptotically hyperbolic \((n+1)\)-dimensional Poincaré-Einstein manifold \(\overline{X}\) with conformal boundary \((M,[h])\). Scattering theory for such manifolds leads to the family of conformally covariant fractional GJMS operators \(P_h^{\gamma}\) on \(M\) and to the notion of fractional \(Q_h^{\gamma}\)-curvature given by \(Q_h^{\gamma} = P_h^{\gamma}(1)\). The fractional Yamabe problem considered by \textit{M. del Mar González} and \textit{J. Qing} [Anal. PDE 6, No. 7, 1535--1576 (2013; Zbl 1287.35039)] then asks for the existence of a metric \(h_0\) within the given conformal class \([h]\) on \(M\) such that \(Q_{h_0}^{\gamma}\) is constant. In analogy to the classical Yamabe problem, solutions to the fractional Yamabe problem are sought as minimizers of a suitable fractional Yamabe functional \(E_h^{\gamma}\), and the fractional Yamabe constant \(Y^{\gamma}(M,[h])\) is the infimum of the values of this functional. In the paper under review, the authors expand on previous existence results in the literature on this problem. The main results are the following theorems. Theorem 1. Suppose that \(\gamma \in (0,1)\) and \(n \geq 2\). Assume \(\lambda_1(-\Delta_{g_+}) > \frac{1}{4}n^2 - \gamma^2\). If \(Y^{\gamma}(M,[h]) > 0\) then there exists a metric \(h_0 \in [h]\) such that \(Q^{\gamma}_{h_0}\) is constant. Theorem 2. Suppose that \(1 < \gamma < \min\{2,\frac{n}{2}\}\) and \(n \geq 3\). Assume \(\lambda_1(-\Delta_{g_+}) > \frac{1}{4}n^2 - (2-\gamma)^2\). If \(R_{h_1} \geq 0\) and \(Q_{h_1}^{\gamma} \geq 0\) and \(Q_{h_1}^{\gamma} \not\equiv 0\) for some \(h_1 \in [h]\), then there exists a metric \(h_0 \in [h]\) such that \(Q^{\gamma}_{h_0}\) is constant.
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