Properties of suns in the spaces L^1 and C(Q)

DOI10.1134/S1061920821030122MaRDI QIDQ2239366zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 3 November 2021

Published in Russian Journal of Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1134/s1061920821030122

Chebyshev set Menger connected set metric projection monotone path-connected set solarity sun

Abstract approximation theory (approximation in normed linear spaces and other abstract spaces) (41A65) Geometry and structure of normed linear spaces (46B20) Banach spaces of continuous, differentiable or analytic functions (46E15) Spaces of measurable functions ((L^p)-spaces, Orlicz spaces, Köthe function spaces, Lorentz spaces, rearrangement invariant spaces, ideal spaces, etc.) (46E30)

Review text

Let \(X\) be a normed linear space with dual \(X^*\) and let \(B\, (S), B^*\, (S^*)\) be the unit balls (unit spheres) of the spaces \(X\) and \(X^*\), respectively. A monotone path is a continuous mapping \(k:[0,1]\to X\) such that \(\varphi\circ k\) is a monotone function for every \(\varphi \in\mathrm{ext}\, S^*\) (the set of extreme points of \(S^*\)). A subset \(M\) of a normed space \(X\) is called linearly monotone connected if any two points in \(M\) can be joined by a monotone path contained in \(M\). This is a notion lying between linear connectedness and convexity. A point \(x\in X\setminus M\) is called a solar (strictly solar) point of \(M\) if \(P_M(x)\ne\emptyset\) and \(y\in P_M((1-\lambda)x+\lambda y)\) for some \(y\in P_M(x)\) (resp. for all \(y\in P_M(x)\)), where \(P_M\) denotes the (set-valued) metric projection on \(M\). The set \(M\) is called a sun (strict sun) if every point in \(X\setminus M\) is a solar (strict solar) point for \(M\). For \(x,y\in M\) let \(\mathbf{m}(x,y)\) be the intersection of all closed balls containing the points \(x,y\) and let \[[\![x,y]\!]=\{z\in X:\min\{\varphi(x),\varphi(y)\}\le\varphi(z)\le\max\{\varphi(x),\varphi(y)\},\;\forall \varphi\in\mathrm{ext}\, S^*\}\,.\] The set \(M\) is called Menger connected (strongly Menger connected) if \(M\,\cap\, \mathbf{m}(x,y)\ne\{x,y\}\) (resp. \( M\,\cap \,[\![x,y]\!]\ne\{x,y\}\)), for all distinct points \(x,y\in M\). Since \([\![x,y]\!]\subset \mathbf{m}(x,y)\), the strong Menger connectedness implies ordinary Menger connectedness. If the space \(X\) is separable, then these notions coincide. It is unknown whether this holds or not in non-separable normed spaces. These notions are involved in the study of convexity of Chebyshev set, see [\textit{A. R. Alimov} and \textit{I. G. Tsar'kov}, Russ. Math. Surv. 71, No. 1, 1--77 (2016; Zbl 1350.41031); translation from Usp. Mat. Nauk 71, No. 1, 3--84 (2016)]. The present paper is concerned with suns in the classical spaces \(L^1\) and \(C(Q)\). One shows that every boundedly compact sun in \(L^1[0,1]\) is convex and, as the author remarks, the result holds in the space \(L^1(\mu)\) for any non-atomic measure \(\mu\). Recall that a set \(K\) is called boundedly compact if its intersection with every closed ball is compact. If \(K\) is a sun in \(L^1[0,1]\) such that there exists a closed ball \(B(x_0,r_0)\) with \(x_0\in K\) such that \(K\cap B(x_0,r_0)\) is compact, then \(K\) is a boundedly compact convex set (Theorem 2). In the space \(C(Q)\), where \(Q\) is a Hausdorff compact topological space, every boundedly weakly compact sun is strongly Menger connected, and so monotone path connected (Theorem 4). The assertion concerning the monotone path connectedness follows by a result of [\textit{A. R. Alimov}, Izv. Math. 78, No. 4, 641--655 (2014; Zbl 1303.41018); translation from Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Mat. 78, No. 4, (2014)]: every boundedly weakly compact Menger connected subset of \(C(Q)\) is monotone path connected.

Recommendations

Cites work

Cited in

(23)

This page was built for publication: Properties of suns in the spaces \(L^1\) and \(C(Q)\)

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q2239366)