Isometric embeddability of S_q^m into S_p^n

DOI10.1016/J.JFA.2021.109281MaRDI QIDQ2243166zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Arup Chattopadhyay, Guixiang Hong, Avijit Pal, Chandan Pradhan, Samya Kumar Ray

Publication date 11 November 2021

Published in Journal of Functional Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.13164

zbMATH Keywords

isometric embeddingKato-Rellich theoremmultiple operator integralSchatten-\(p\) class

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Norms of matrices, numerical range, applications of functional analysis to matrix theory (15A60) Isometric theory of Banach spaces (46B04) Local theory of Banach spaces (46B07) Noncommutative measure and integration (46L51) Linear operators belonging to operator ideals (nuclear, (p)-summing, in the Schatten-von Neumann classes, etc.) (47B10)

Abstract: In this paper, we study existence of isometric embedding of $S_q^m$ into $S_p^n,$ where $1leqpeqqleqinfty$ and $ngeqmgeq2.$ We show that for all $ngeqmgeq2$ if there exists a linear isometry from $S_q^m$ into $S_p^n$, where $(q,p)in(1,infty]imes(1,infty)cup(1,infty)setminus3imes1,infty$ and $peqq,$ then we must have $q=2.$ This mostly generalizes a classical result of Lyubich and Vaserstein. We also show that whenever $S_q$ embeds isometrically into $S_p$ for $(q,p)inleft(1,inftyight)imesleft[2,inftyight)cup[4,infty)imes1cupinftyimesleft(1,inftyight)cup[2,infty)imesinfty$ with $peqq,$ we must have $q=2.$ Thus, our work complements work of Junge, Parcet, Xu and others on isometric and almost isometric embedding theory on non-commutative $L_p$-spaces. Our methods rely on several new ingredients related to perturbation theory of linear operators, namely Kato-Rellich theorem, theory of multiple operator integrals and Birkhoff-James orthogonality, followed by thorough and careful case by case analysis. The question whether for $mgeq2$ and $1<q<2,$ $S_q^m$ embeds isometrically into $S_{i}nft{y}^n$, was left open in extit{Bull. London Math. Soc.} 52 (2020) 437-447.

Review text

Motivated by the classical research on linear isometric embeddability of \(\ell_q^m\) into \(\ell_p^n\) [\textit{Yu. I. Lyubich} and \textit{O. A. Shatalova}, St. Petersbg. Math. J. 16, No. 1, 9--24 (2004; Zbl 1076.46005)], the authors undertake a detailed study of similar questions for finite dimensional Schatten \(p\)-classes. Using a spectrum of ideas ranging from the Kato-Rellich theorem and using other directions, like the Birkhoff-James orthogonality, several results enunciating the importance of the summability index of the domain space being \(2,3\), are obtained by a delicate case-by-case analysis. We only quote a couple of results from this long and interesting paper. If there is a linear isometry of \(S_q^m\) into \(S_1^n\) (for \(1<q< \infty\), \(2 \leq m \leq n\)), then \(q = 2\) or \(q=3\). Similarly, when the range is \(S_p^n\) (\(n < \infty\)) and \((q,p) \in [1, \infty]\times [1,\infty)\), then \(q=2\).

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Cited in

(5)

• On isometric embedding \(\ell_p^m \to S_\infty\) and unique operator space structure
• Upper bound for isometric embeddings ℓ₂^{𝑚}→ℓ_{𝑝}ⁿ
• Isometric embeddings of finite-dimensional \ell_p-spaces over the quaternions
• Planes in Schatten-$3$
• On isometric embeddability of S_q^m into S_p^n as non-commutative quasi-Banach spaces

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