Existence and uniqueness for mean field equations on multiply connected domains at the critical parameter

DOI10.1007/S00208-013-0990-6MaRDI QIDQ2249454zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Chang-Shou Lin, Daniele Bartolucci

Publication date 1 July 2014

Published in Mathematische Annalen (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1208.5228

zbMATH Keywords

Dirichlet problemmean field equationRobin's function

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Boundary value problems for second-order elliptic equations (35J25) PDEs on manifolds (35R01) Quasilinear elliptic equations with mean curvature operator (35J93)

Abstract: We consider the mean field equation: (1) Delta u+ hofrac{e^u}{int_Omega e^u}=0 & hbox{in} ;Omega, u=0 & hbox{on};partialOmega, where $Omegasubsetmathbb{R}^2$ is an open and bounded domain of class $C^1$. In his 1992 paper, Suzuki proved that if $Omega$ is a simply-connected domain, then equation (1) admits a unique solution for $hoin[0,8pi)$. This result for $Omega$ a simply-connected domain has been extended to the case $ho=8pi$ by Chang, Chen and the second author. However, the uniqueness result for $Omega$ a multiply-connected domain has remained a long standing open problem which we solve positively here for $hoin[0,8pi]$. To obtain this result we need a new version of the classical Bol's inequality suitable to be applied on multiply-connected domains. Our second main concern is the existence of solutions for (1) when $ho=8pi$. We a obtain necessary and sufficient condition for the solvability of the mean field equation at $ho=8pi$ which is expressed in terms of the Robin's function $gamma$ for $Omega$. For example, if equation (1) has no solution at $ho=8pi$, then $gamma$ has a unique nondegenerate maximum point. As a by product of our results we solve the long-standing open problem of the equivalence of canonical and microcanonical ensembles in the Onsager's statistical description of two-dimensional turbulence on multiply-connected domains.

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Cited in

(38)

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• On the global bifurcation diagram of the Gelfand problem
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