Saddle point problems, Bott-Duffin inverses, abstract splines and oblique projections

Abstract approximation theory (approximation in normed linear spaces and other abstract spaces) (41A65) Hilbert and pre-Hilbert spaces: geometry and topology (including spaces with semidefinite inner product) (46C05) Equations involving linear operators, with operator unknowns (47A62) Applications of operator theory in numerical analysis (47N40)

Review text

The paper is concerned with the saddle-point problem \[ A\sigma + B^* \mu = \eta,\;B\sigma=B\xi \] in a Hilbert space \(\mathcal{H}\), where \(A\) is a positive operator. The problem is equivalent to \[ \begin{aligned} (I-P)A\sigma + B^* \mu &= (I-P)\eta, \\ (PA+I-P)\sigma&=P\eta(I-P)\xi, \end{aligned} \] where \(P\) denotes the orthogonal projection on the nullspace of \(B\). The authors extend results on the solvability of the problem and the determination of minimal norm solutions obtained by \textit{Y.-L. Chen} [Linear Algebra Appl. 134, 71--91 (1990; Zbl 0703.15006)] and \textit{A. V. Knyazev} [Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 196, No. 37--40, 3742--3749 (2007; Zbl 1173.35339)] to the case where the operator \(PA+I-P\) may not have closed range. A~key assumption for the new results to hold is the so-called compatibility of the operator \(A\) and the space \(R(I-P)\), i.e., that \(R(PA+I-P)=R(PA)+R(I-P)\). In an additional section of the paper, the authors study a relation between the compatibility of \(T^*T\) and \(\mathcal{S}\), where \(\mathcal{S}\) is a closed subspace of \(\mathcal{H}\), and general abstract splines defined by \[ \operatorname{sp}_g(T,\mathcal{S},\xi,\eta)=\{ \sigma \in \xi+\mathcal{S}:f(\sigma)=\min_{\psi \in +\mathcal{S}} f(\psi)\}. \]

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