Discretization-invariant Bayesian inversion and Besov space priors

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Publication:2268280



Abstract: Bayesian solution of an inverse problem for indirect measurement M=AU+mathcalE is considered, where U is a function on a domain of Rd. Here A is a smoothing linear operator and mathcalE is Gaussian white noise. The data is a realization mk of the random variable Mk=PkAU+PkmathcalE, where Pk is a linear, finite dimensional operator related to measurement device. To allow computerized inversion, the unknown is discretized as Un=TnU, where Tn is a finite dimensional projection, leading to the computational measurement model Mkn=PkAUn+PkmathcalE. Bayes formula gives then the posterior distribution pikn(un|mkn)simpin(un)exp(−1/2|mkn−PkAun|22) in Rd, and the mean UknCM:=intunpikn(un|mk)dun is considered as the reconstruction of U. We discuss a systematic way of choosing prior distributions priorn for all ngeqn0>0 by achieving them as projections of a distribution in a infinite-dimensional limit case. Such choice of prior distributions is {em discretization-invariant} in the sense that priorn represent the same {em a priori} information for all n and that the mean UknCM converges to a limit estimate as k,noinfty. Gaussian smoothness priors and wavelet-based Besov space priors are shown to be discretization invariant. In particular, Bayesian inversion in dimension two with B111 prior is related to penalizing the ell1 norm of the wavelet coefficients of U.




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