Rank statistics for a family of elliptic curves over a function field

DOI10.4310/PAMQ.2010.V6.N1.A2MaRDI QIDQ2268326zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Igor E. Shparlinski, Carl Pomerance

Publication date 10 March 2010

Published in Pure and Applied Mathematics Quarterly (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0903.2866

zbMATH Keywords

function fieldmultiplicative orderrank of elliptic curves

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Distribution of integers with specified multiplicative constraints (11N25) Class field theory (11R37) Algebraic functions and function fields in algebraic geometry (14H05) Elliptic curves (14H52)

Abstract: We show that the average and typical ranks in a certain parametric family of elliptic curves described by D. Ulmer tend to infinity as the parameter $doinfty$. This is perhaps unexpected since by a result of A. Brumer, the average rank for all elliptic curves over a function field of positive characteristic is asymptotically bounded above by 2.3.

Review text

The authors consider the parametric family of elliptic curves \(E_d : y^2 + xy = x^3 - t^d\) over the function field \(\mathbb{F}_q(t)\), where \(d\) is a positive integer. Let \(\mathcal{U}_p\) be the set of positive integers dividing some member of the sequence \(p^n+1\), \(R_q(d)\) be the rank of \(E_q(d)\) over \(\mathbb{F}_q(t)\). The main results of the paper are the following Theorem 1. There exists an absolute constant \(\alpha > 1/2\) such that for all finite fields \(\mathbb{F}_q\) and all sufficiently large values of \(x\) (depending only on the characteristic \(p\) of \(\mathbb{F}_q\)) \[ \frac{1}{x}\sum_{d \leq x} R_q(d) \geq x^\alpha. \] Moreover, for \(x\) sufficiently large depending on \(q\), \[ \left( \sum_{d \leq x,d \in \mathcal{U}_p} \right)^{-1}\sum_{d \leq x,d \in \mathcal{U}_p} R_q(d) \leq x^{1-(\log\log\log x)/(2\log\log x)}. \] Theorem 2. Let \(\mathbb{F}_q\) be a finite field of characteristic \(p\) and let \(\varepsilon > 0\) be arbitrary. As \(x \to \infty\), except for \(o_{p,\varepsilon}(x)\) values of \(d\leq x\), we have \[ R_d(x) \geq (\log d)^{(1/3-\varepsilon) \log\log\log d}. \] It follows that the average and typical ranks in the family \(\{E_d\}\) tend to \(\infty\) as \(d \to \infty\). The key ingredients of the proofs are: the results of \textit{D. Ulmer} [Ann. Math. (2) 155, No. 1, 295--315 (2002; Zbl 1109.11314)], Bombieri-Vinogradov theorem, a version of Chebotarev density theorem due to Lagarias and Odlyzko, and subtle estimates based on the results of Erdös, Pomerance and Schmutz on Euler function and Carmichal numbers.

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