Structure sheaves of definable additive categories

Model-theoretic algebra (03C60) Injective modules, self-injective associative rings (16D50) Module categories in associative algebras (16D90) Abelian categories, Grothendieck categories (18E10) Presheaves and sheaves, stacks, descent conditions (category-theoretic aspects) (18F20)

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Definable subcategories arose in model theory as axiomatisable classes of modules. For a module category \(\mathbf{Mod}(\mathcal C)\) over a small preadditive category \(\mathcal C\), they can be characterized as full subcategories which are closed under products, pure subobjects, and direct limits. They are in bijection with the closed subsets of the Ziegler spectrum. \textit{H. Krause} has shown that every definable subcategory of \(\mathbf{Mod}(\mathcal C)\) is equivalent to a category \(\text{Ex}(\mathcal D^{\text{op}})\) of exact functors on an abelian category \(\mathcal D\), which can be recovered from \(\text{Ex}(\mathcal D^{\text{op}})\) as the category of product and direct limit preserving additive functors to \(\mathbf{Ab}\). (A general proof of the latter fact was given by Prest.) On the other hand, the pure injectives of \(\text{Ex}(\mathcal D^{\text{op}})\) can be identified with the injectives of a locally coherent Grothendieck category \(\mathcal A\) such that \(\text{Ex}(\mathcal D^{\text{op}})\) becomes equivalent to the full subcategory of FP-injectives in \(\mathcal A\), and \(\mathcal D\) can be obtained as the full subcategory of finitely presented objects in \(\mathcal A\). In the present paper, the correspondence between \(\mathcal D\) and \(\text{Ex}(\mathcal D^{\text{op}})\) is extended to a duality between 2-categories of small abelian respectively definable categories. Moreover, the above sketched relationships are put into a sheaf-theoretic context, and for a left coherent ring \(R\), the natural image of \(C(R)\) in the definable category \(\mathbf{Mod}(R)\approx\text{Ex}(C(R)^{\text{op}})\) is used to describe a basis for the Ziegler topology on the injectives.

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