K3 surfaces with non-symplectic automorphisms of 2-power order

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Publication:2268604



Abstract: This paper concerns complex algebraic K3 surfaces with an automorphism which acts trivially on the Neron-Severi group. Complementing a result by Vorontsov and Kondo, we determine those K3 surfaces where the order of the automorphism is a 2-power and equals the rank of the transcendental lattice. We also study the arithmetic of these K3 surfaces and comment on mirror symmetry


\(K3\) surfaces \(X\) are considered such that there exists a non-trivial automorphism \(\eta\in \Aut(X)\) that acts trivially on the Néron-Severi group \(\mathrm{NS}(X)\) of \(X\). Denote with \(m\) the order of \(\eta\). In the case that \(\mathrm{NS}(X)\) is a unimodular lattice there is classification of possibilities for \(m\), i.e., \textit{S.P. Vorontsov} [Mosc. Univ. Math. Bull. 38, No.2, 21--24 (1983); translation from Vestn. Mosk. Univ., Ser. I 1983, No.2, 19--21 (1982; Zbl 0532.14010)] and \textit{S. Kondō} [J. Math. Soc. Japan 44, No.1, 75--98 (1992; Zbl 0763.14021)] showed that \(m\) divides one of the elements in \(\Omega:=\{12,28,36,42,44,66\}\). Moreover, they gave for each \(m\in \Omega\) an example of a \(K3\) surface with such an automorphism of order \(m\) with the additional property that \(\mathrm{rank} \; T(X)=\varphi(m)\), and showed that this example is unique. Here \(T(X)\) is the transcendental lattice of \(X\) and \(\varphi\) is the Euler \(\varphi\)-function. If \(\mathrm{NS}(X)\) is not unimodular the situation is more complicated. If one has that \(\varphi(m)=\mathrm{rank} \; T(X)\) then Kondo and Vorontsov showed that \(m\in \{3,9,27,5,25,7,11,13,17,19\}=:\Omega_1\) and for each \(m\in \Omega_1\) there exist an unique example of a \(K3\) surface with non-unimodular Néron-Severi group and an automorphism of order \(m\) that acts trivially on \(NS(S)\). However, if \(\varphi(m)<\mathrm{rank}\; T(S)\) then we get four additional possible values of \(m\), namely \(\{2,4,8,16\}=:\Omega_2\). The author provides for each value \(m\in \Omega_2\) explicit examples \((S_m,\sigma_m)\) such that \(\sigma_m\) is an automorphism of order \(m\), acting trivially on \(NS(S_m)\) and such that the rank of \(T(S_m)\) equals \(m\). All examples are (as those from Kondo) elliptic \(K3\)-surfaces. However, since the condition \(\varphi(m)=\mathrm{rank}\; T(X)\) is dropped these examples are not unique.




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