Matter-antimatter asymmetry in heavy-ion collisions

DOI10.1007/S10773-011-1015-4zbMATH Open1255.81237arXiv1011.6622OpenAlexW2074848801WikidataQ59221468 ScholiaQ59221468MaRDI QIDQ2276387FDOQ2276387

Authors: Yanyan Li 

Publication date: 5 November 2012

Published in: International Journal of Theoretical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The matter-antimatter asymmetry is one of the greatest challenges in the modern physics. The universe including this paper and even the reader him(her)self seems to be built up of ordinary matter only. Theoretically, the well-known Sakharov's conditions remain the solid framework explaining the circumstances that matter became dominant against the antimatter while the universe cools down and/or expands. On the other hand, the standard model for elementary particles apparently prevents at least two conditions out of them. In this work, we introduce a systematic study of the antiparticle-to-particle ratios measured in various $NN$ and $AA$ collisions over the last three decades. It is obvious that the available experimental facilities turn to be able to perform nuclear collisions, in which the matter-antimatter asymmetry raises from $sim0\mathrm{\%}$ at AGS to $sim100\mathrm{\%}$ at LHC. Assuming that the final state of hadronization in the nuclear collisions takes place along the freezeout line, which is defined by a constant entropy density, various antiparticle-to-particle ratios are studied in framework of the hadron resonance gas (HRG) model. Implementing modified phase space and distribution function in the grand-canonical ensemble and taking into account the experimental acceptance, the ratios of antiparticle-to-particle over the whole range of center-of-mass-energies are very well reproduced by the HRG model. Furthermore, the antiproton-to-proton ratios measured by ALICE in $pp$ collisions is also very well described by the HRG model. It is likely to conclude that the LHC heavy-ion program will produce the same particle ratios as the $pp$ program implying the dynamics and evolution of the system would not depend on the initial conditions. The ratios of bosons and baryons get very close to unity indicating that the matter-antimatter asymmetry nearly vanishes at LHC.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1011.6622

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zbMATH Keywords

early universestatistical physicsrelativistic heavy-ion collisionscollective flow

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Nuclear physics (81V35) Inelastic and multichannel quantum scattering (81U35) Many-body theory; quantum Hall effect (81V70) Relativistic gravitational theories other than Einstein's, including asymmetric field theories (83D05) Classical dynamic and nonequilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82C05)

Cites Work

• Hadron resonance mass spectrum and lattice QCD thermodynamics
• Thermodynamics at non-zero baryon number density: a comparison of lattice and hadron resonance gas model calculations
• Phase space and dynamical fluctuations of kaon-to-pion ratios
• Computer tests of Witten’s Chern-Simons theory against the theory of three-manifolds
• Hubble parameter in QCD Universe for finite bulk viscosity

Cited In (6)

• Particle ratios in a multicomponent nonideal hadron resonance gas
• On the higher moments of particle multiplicity, chemical freeze-out, and QCD critical endpoint
• Phase space and dynamical fluctuations of kaon-to-pion ratios
• Generalized uncertainty principle: approaches and applications
• On \(\mathrm{SU}(3)\) effective models and chiral phase transition
• Equilibrium statistical-thermal models in high-energy physics

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