Variations for some Painlevé equations

DOI10.3842/SIGMA.2019.088zbMATH Open1429.33034arXiv1705.07625MaRDI QIDQ2280427FDOQ2280427

Authors: Primitivo Belén Acosta-Humánez, M. van der Put, Jaap Top 

Publication date: 18 December 2019

Published in: SIGMA. Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: This paper first discusses irreducibility of a Painlev'e equation $P$. We explain how the Painlev'e property is helpful for the computation of special classical and algebraic solutions. As in a paper of Morales-Ruiz we associate an autonomous Hamiltonian $mathbbH$ to a Painlev'e equation $P$. Complete integrability of $mathbbH$ is shown to imply that all solutions to $P$ are classical (which includes algebraic), so in particular $P$ is solvable by quadratures. Next, we show that the variational equation of $P$ at a given algebraic solution coincides with the normal variational equation of $mathbbH$ at the corresponding solution. Finally, we test the Morales-Ramis theorem in all cases $P_2$ to $P_5$ where algebraic solutions are present, by showing how our results lead to a quick computation of the component of the identity of the differential Galois group for the first two variational equations. As expected there are no cases where this group is commutative.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1705.07625

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zbMATH Keywords

Hamiltonian systemsvariational equationsdifferential Galois groupsPainlevé equations

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Painlevé and other special ordinary differential equations in the complex domain; classification, hierarchies (34M55) Painlevé-type functions (33E17)

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Cited In (4)

• On a modified version of a solvable ODE due to Painlevé
• Classical solutions of the degenerate fifth Painlevé equation
• Some examples for the Poincaré and Painlevé problems
• Nonintegrability of the Painlevé IV equation in the Liouville–Arnold sense and Stokes phenomena

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