Locally nilpotent derivations of free algebra of rank two

DOI10.3842/SIGMA.2019.091MaRDI QIDQ2280430zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Vesselin Drensky, Leonid Makar-Limanov

Publication date 18 December 2019

Published in SIGMA. Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.13262

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zbMATH Keywords

algebras of constantsfree associative algebraslocally nilpotent derivations

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Derivations and commutative rings (13N15) Associative rings determined by universal properties (free algebras, coproducts, adjunction of inverses, etc.) (16S10) Automorphisms and endomorphisms (16W20) Derivations, actions of Lie algebras (16W25)

Abstract: In commutative algebra, if $delta$ is a locally nilpotent derivation of the polynomial algebra $K[x_1,ldots,x_d]$ over a field $K$ of characteristic 0 and $w$ is a nonzero element of the kernel of $delta$, then $Delta=wdelta$ is also a locally nilpotent derivation with the same kernel as $delta$. In this paper we prove that the locally nilpotent derivation $Delta$ of the free associative algebra $KlangleX,Yangle$ is determined up to a multiplicative constant by its kernel. We show also that the kernel of $Delta$ is a free associative algebra and give an explicit set of its free generators.

Review text

A \textit{derivation} of a \(K\)-algebra \(A\) is a \(K\)-linear map \(\delta:A\to A\) such that \(\delta(ab)=\delta(a)b+a\delta(b)\) for all \(a,b\in A\). The kernel (also called \textit{the algebra of constants}) of \(\delta\) is denoted by \(A^\delta\). A derivation \(\delta\) is said to be \textit{locally nilpotent} if for any \(a\in A\) there exists a positive integer \(n\) (depending on \(a\)) such that \(\delta^n(a)=0\). The authors prove that two non-zero locally nilpotent derivations \(\Delta_1\) and \(\Delta_2\) of the free associative algebra \(K\langle X,Y\rangle\) have the same algebras of constants if and only if \(\Delta_2 = \alpha \Delta_1\) for some \(\alpha \in K^*\). They also prove that the algebra of constants \(K\langle X,Y\rangle^\Delta\) of a locally nilpotent derivation \(\Delta\) of \(K\langle X,Y\rangle\) is a free algebra and describe its free generators.

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Cited in

(16)

• A note on locally nilpotent derivations
• Locally nilpotent derivations over a UFD and an application to rank two locally nilpotent derivations of \(k[X_1,\dots,X_n]\)
• Actions of the additive group G_a on certain noncommutative deformations of the plane
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• Generators and defining relations for ring of invariants of commuting locally nilpotent derivations or automorphisms
• Locally nilpotent derivations of prime algebras.
• Finitely generated constants of free algebras.
• Automorphisms and derivations of a universal left-symmetric enveloping algebra

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