On centro-affine curves and Bäcklund transformations of the KdV equation

DOI10.1007/S40598-019-00105-YzbMATH Open1455.37058arXiv1808.08454OpenAlexW2888616521MaRDI QIDQ2283192FDOQ2283192

Authors: S. Tabachnikov 

Publication date: 30 December 2019

Published in: Arnold Mathematical Journal (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We continue the study of the Korteweg-de Vries equation in terms of cento-affine curves, initiated by U. Pinkall. A centro-affine curve is a closed parametric curve in the affine plane such that the determinant made by the position and the velocity vectors is identically 1. The space of centro-affine curves is acted upon by the special linear group, and the quotient is identified with the space of Hill's equations with periodic solutions. It is known that the space of centro-affine curves carries two pre-symplectic structures, and the KdV flow is identified with is a bi-Hamiltonian dynamical system therein. We introduce a 1-parameter family of transformations on centro-affine curves, prove that they preserve both presymplectic structures, commute with the KdV flow, and share the integrals with it. Furthermore, the transformation commute with each other (Bianchi permutability). We also describe integrals of the KdV equation as arising from the monodromy of Riccati equations associated with centro-affine curves. We are motivated by our work in progress (joint with M. Arnold, D. Fuchs, and I. Izmenstiev), concerning the cross-ratio dynamics on ideal polygons in the hyperbolic plane and hyperbolic space, whose continuous version is studied in the present note.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.08454

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zbMATH Keywords

bi-Hamiltonian structureKorteweg-de Vries equationRiccati equationBianchi permutabilitycentro-affine curvesBäcklund transformation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Completely integrable infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems, integration methods, integrability tests, integrable hierarchies (KdV, KP, Toda, etc.) (37K10) Lie-Bäcklund and other transformations for infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems (37K35) Relations of infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian dynamical systems with topology, geometry and differential geometry (37K25)

Cites Work

• The Geometry of Infinite-Dimensional Groups
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• Remarks on KdV-type flows on star-shaped curves
• Hamiltonian flows on the space of star-shaped curves
• Multi-Hamiltonian structures on spaces of closed equicentroaffine plane curves associated to higher KdV flows
• Central affine curve flow on the plane
• Hamiltonian formalism for the higher KdV flows on the space of closed complex equicentroaffine curves
• Coxeter's frieze patterns and discretization of the Virasoro orbit
• On the bicycle transformation and the filament equation: results and conjectures
• Cross-ratio dynamics on ideal polygons

Cited In (8)

• A higher dimensional integrable equation induced by motion of curves in four-dimensional centro-affine geometry
• A family of integrable transformations of centroaffine polygons: geometrical aspects
• Self-Bäcklund curves in centroaffine geometry and Lamé’s equation
• Integrable flows on null curves in the anti-de Sitter 3-space
• Bäcklund transformation, Pfaffian, Wronskian and Grammian solutions to the \((3+1)\)-dimensional generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation
• Defocusing mKdV flow on centroaffine plane curves
• Hamiltonian formalism for the higher KdV flows on the space of closed complex equicentroaffine curves
• Remarks on KdV-type flows on star-shaped curves

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